Benefits of ACE Inhibitors in Diabetes

Abstract

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors have been FDA-approved for treating refractory hypertension since 1981. Since then, clinical investigations support the benefits of ACE inhibition (ACE-I) in pathologies like congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction, diabetes mellitus, chronic renal insufficiency, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Both, clinical trials and animal models of type I and type II diabetes have shown that hyperactivity of the angiotensin II signaling pathway contributes to the development of diabetes and its complications, and that blockade of the renin-angiotensin system prevents new onset diabetes and reduces the risk of diabetic complications. Furthermore, ACE inhibitors are generally well tolerated and have few contraindications. This article describes ACE as a target molecule and gives an overview on the clinical evidence that supports the use of ACE inhibitors in diabetes.

Suppressive Effects of Clerodendrum volubile P Beauv. [Labiatae] Methanolic Extract and Its Fractions on Type 2 Diabetes and Its Complications

“…Several studies have reported the anti-hypertensive properties of flavonoids ( Loizzo et al, 2007 ; Guerrero et al, 2012 ; Shafaei et al, 2016 ), which is also reflected in the strong binding affinity and molecular interactions of the isolated compounds (biochanin and 5,7,4′-trimethoxykaempferol) on docking with the crystal structure of Human Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (PDB ID: 1O86) ( Supplementary Figures S2A,B ). This correlates with the increased pancreatic β-cell and serum insulin level as ACE inhibitors have been shown to be not just therapeutic against hypertension but also reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes and its complications ( Abuissa et al, 2005 ; Ramos-Nino and Blumen, 2009 ).…”

Causes of Autoimmune Psoriasis and Associated Cardiovascular Disease: Roles of Human Endogenous Retroviruses and Antihypertensive Drugs—A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

“…Among antihypertensive drugs, ACE inhibitors have been well-studied in the case of PsD progression, and are defined as extensively used medications for the treatment of hypertension (HTN), congestive HF, diabetes, and even the prevention of kidney diseases 65 . According to the data analysis using the French Pharmacovigilance Database (FPVD), though psoriasis is considered one of the serious adverse events in patients receiving ACE inhibitors 66 , the mechanism of ACE-inhibitors induced/aggravated PsD is not fully deciphered.…”

Adrenocortical and renin-angiotensin systems in dynamics of experimental diabetes

“…В то же время на 14 сутки после индукции стрептозотоцинового диабета не было отмечено изменения в уровнях экспрессии генов ренина, ангиотензиногена и АПФ в клубочке почек крыс [11]. Тем не менее, препараты, ингибирующие РАС, а именно ингибиторы АПФ и антагонисты рецепторов к ангиотензину II (AII) находят широкое применение в лечении осложнений СД [12]. Приведённые результаты свидетельствуют о слабой изученности состояния РАС в динамике диабета, в частности, экспериментального.…”