Beneficial Role of Replacing Dietary Saturated Fatty Acids with Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Prevention of Sarcopenia: Findings from the NU-AGE Cohort

Montiel-Rojas, Diego; Santoro, Aurelia; Nilsson, Andreas; Franceschi, Claudio; Capri, Miriam; Bazzocchi, Alberto; Battista, Giuseppe; Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M. de; Feskens, Edith J. M.; Berendsen, A. M.; Białecka-Dębek, Agata; Surała, Olga; Pietruszka, Barbara; Fairweather‐Tait, Susan J.; Jennings, Amy; Capel, Frédéric; Kadi, Fawzi

doi:10.3390/nu12103079

Cited by 19 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Prior to analysis of links between protein intake and SRS, no interactions with either PA or MetS were observed, therefore, final analyses were based on the whole sample. Additionally, regression analysis was employed to assess the effect on SRS by isocaloric substitution of animal-based protein with plant-based protein [40,46]. Estimates are interpreted as changes in SRS with 0.1 g/BW increase of plant protein to the detriment of animal protein, while keeping total protein intake constant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Handgrip strength was assessed with a Jamar handheld dynamometer (Patterson Medical, Warrenville, IL, USA) and normalised by body weight. The continuous clustered sarcopenia risk score (SRS) consisted in a sex-specific composite z-score, including skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) and handgrip strength, as previously described [40]. These variables are representative of muscle quantity and strength according to the most recent operational definition of sarcopenia by the European Work Group on Sarcopenia in Older People [2].…”

Section: Sarcopenia Risk Scorementioning

confidence: 99%

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Fighting Sarcopenia in Ageing European Adults: The Importance of the Amount and Source of Dietary Proteins

et al. 2020

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While an adequate protein intake is important for the maintenance of muscle mass during ageing, the amount and source of protein necessary for optimal prevention of sarcopenia remains to be determined. The present study aimed to investigate the influence of the amount and source of dietary proteins on sarcopenia risk in a cohort of 65–79-year-old European adults within the frame of the NU-AGE study. A total of 986 participants were included in the analysis. Skeletal muscle index (SMI), assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and handgrip strength (HG) were employed to create a continuous sex-specific sarcopenia risk score (SRS). Total amount together with animal- and plant-derived sources of proteins were obtained from a 7-day food record. Differences in SRS were analysed across groups of total protein intake (<0.8 g/body weight (BW); 0.8–<1.0 g/BW; 1.0–<1.2 g/BW; and ≥1.2 g/BW). The association between SRS and the different sources of protein was assessed using isocaloric substitution models adjusted by demographic, medical, and lifestyle factors. A significant linear dose-response relationship was observed, with a lower SRS linked to higher protein intakes. Based on the isocaloric substitution modelling, a reduced SRS was observed when increasing plant protein to the detriment of animal protein, while holding total protein intake constant. Further, this result remained significant after stratifying the analysis by adherence to different levels of protein intake. Our findings suggest that older adults may benefit from increasing protein intakes above current recommendations. Besides total amount, protein source should be considered when promoting health dietary habits in older adults for the prevention of sarcopenia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sarcopenia Risk Scorementioning

confidence: 99%

Fighting Sarcopenia in Ageing European Adults: The Importance of the Amount and Source of Dietary Proteins

et al. 2020

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“…First, a healthy diet rich in fruits and vegetables prevents metabolic acidosis and reduces protein hydrolysis and amino acid catabolism, thus reducing the risk of sarcopenia 23. In addition, unfavourable dietary patterns, including foods rich in saturated fats, may be detrimental to the maintenance of muscle health,24 while a fiber-rich diet reduces the risk of sarcopenia 25. Some studies, however, suggest that a lower BMI indicates the presence of sarcopenia and malnutrition and is associated with higher mortality in the older population 26.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of sarcopenia with ideal cardiovascular health metrics among US adults: a cross-sectional study of NHANES data from 2011 to 2018

et al. 2022

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ObjectiveThe American Heart Association (AHA) proposed the concept of ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) to reduce the risk of cardiovascular mortality. We attempted to broaden the impact of CVH and further contribute to AHA 2030 goals by identifying the relationship between CVH and non-cardiovascular diseases such as sarcopenia.DesignCross-sectional surveySettingNational Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in the USA from 2011 to 2018.ParticipantsThis study included participants with reliable first 24-hour dietary recall and ≥20 years of age and excluded those who could not diagnose sarcopenia or insufficient data to calculate the CVH scores.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe prevalence of sarcopenia as measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.ResultsThis cohort study involving 9326 adults≥20 years comprised 4733 females (50.0%). The number of intermediate or ideal and poor CVH participants was 5654 and 3672 with mean CVH score of 9.70±0.03 and 5.66±0.04, respectively. After adjusting for related confounding factors, intermediate or ideal CVH was associated with an odds reduction of sarcopenia than poor CVH (adjusted OR (aOR): 0.36, 95% CI 0.26 to 0.50, p<0.001) and the odds of sarcopenia was significantly lower for each incremental increase of 1 in CVH metrics (aOR: 0.75, 95% CI 0.71 to 0.79, p<0.001). Moreover, if the number of ideal CVH metrics was>5, the odds of sarcopenia decreased by up to 84% (aOR: 0.16, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.30).ConclusionsOur findings suggest a relationship between the CVH and the prevalence of sarcopenia in adults. The results of our study can contribute to achieving the 2030 public health goal of achieving CVH for all, which may be supported by efforts to reduce the prevalence of sarcopenia.

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“…This deleterious complication is common in dialysis population and has a strong impact on patient survival [ 30 ]. Reduction in SFA intake for the benefit of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) consumption was shown to decrease the risk of sarcopenia [ 31 ]. It must be stressed, however, that in our analysis we have not found any associations between SFA and body mass index (BMI).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between Serum Saturated Fatty Acids Content and Mortality in Dialysis Patients

Sikorska-Wiśniewska

Mika

Śledziński

et al. 2022

JCM

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Background: Cardiovascular mortality in dialysis population remains very high. Saturated fatty acids (SFA) contribute to atherosclerosis and to cardiovascular risk. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between mortality in dialysis patients and the serum SFA content. Methods: Survival of 54 patients on dialysis was assessed. A total of 21 SFA from patients’ sera were measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Diet was assessed by food frequency questionnaire FFQ-6. The SFA content is presented as fatty acid proportion (%). Results: During the observation time (median 66 months) 22 patients died. There was a significant relationship between elevated SFA (above SFA mean) and mortality (log-rank 3.13; p = 0.0017). Moreover, patients who ingested foods rich in SFA, according to FFQ-6, had a higher mortality risk (log-rank 2.24; p = 0.03). The hazard ratio for mortality associated with increased SFA content equalled 4.47 (1.63–12.26). Addition of age and inflammation (hsCRP > 5 mg/L) into the Cox model did not modify this relationship. However, SFA content turned out to be significantly higher in patients with diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease, as compared to patients free from these co-morbidities. Their addition to the model attenuated the relationship between SFA and mortality, making it statistically insignificant. Conclusion: The serum content of SFA turned out to be a strong predictor of mortality in dialysis patients. However, given the significant associations between SFA, DM, and CVD, interventional studies with controlled SFA intake are needed to evaluate the causal links between SFA, co-morbidities and survival.

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Beneficial Role of Replacing Dietary Saturated Fatty Acids with Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Prevention of Sarcopenia: Findings from the NU-AGE Cohort

Cited by 19 publications

References 44 publications

Fighting Sarcopenia in Ageing European Adults: The Importance of the Amount and Source of Dietary Proteins

Fighting Sarcopenia in Ageing European Adults: The Importance of the Amount and Source of Dietary Proteins

Association of sarcopenia with ideal cardiovascular health metrics among US adults: a cross-sectional study of NHANES data from 2011 to 2018

Associations between Serum Saturated Fatty Acids Content and Mortality in Dialysis Patients

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