Beneficial Effects of Fennel (Foeniculum Vulgare) in Treating Obesity in Rats

Abstract

Obesity is associated with a number of serious medical complications, which are often referred to as the “insulin resistance syndrome”. The aim of the present study was performed to investigate the possible interaction between a conventional drug used for management of cholesterol and traditional herbal remedies on the obesity. This was carried through out: through estimation of blood test; Estimation of serum tests; Determination of oxidative stress biomarkers and the antioxidant enzymes activities in the liver were assayed; Histopathological examination of the liver and kidney of adult male albino rats were done. In the present study, the serum levels of the total protein and albumin in the obesity group (7.1± 0.2) and (4.78 ± 0.19); respectively were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) more than those of the control group (6.5±0.1) and (3.95± 0.1).The administration of (fennel group) revealed significant (P<0.05) decrease in the serum levels of the albumin and total protein (4.38± 0.1) and (6.65± 0.2); respectively as compared to the obesity group (4.78 ± 0.19) and (7.1± 0.2(. The total cholesterol of the group(5) (fennel and ator) after two weeks from a high fat diet than treatment with fennel and Ator through six weeks equal 142.86±5.9, 100.4±8.68, 93.29±5.99, 87.1±11.28, 80.4±21.55, 78.1±6.7 and 77.1±6.87; respectively. The present study showed a significant (P<0.05) increase in the activities of ALT, AST and ALP in the obesity group which recorded as (60.5±11.45), (57.25±6.3) and (845.0±49.47); respectively as compared to the control group (28.25±1.7), (38.5±3.87) and (537.0±41.5); respectively. The fennel group caused significant decrease in the activities of these enzymes (41.0± 2.9), (42.25+3.2) and (717.75+48.6); respectively compared to the obesity group. Ator group showed a significant decrease in the activities of these enzymes (40.0±2.16), (42.5±3.1) and (679.25±41.16); respectively compared as obesity group. The activity of AlT, AST and ALP in the fennel and ator group (32.75±2.5), (40.5±2.38) and (601.25±17.5); respectively were near to the control group.

Olfactory Stimulation by Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) Essential Oil Improves Lipid Metabolism and Metabolic Disorders in High Fat-Induced Obese Rats

“…A previous study reported that body weight was lower in the FEO-inhaled group than in the control group (p < 0.05), which was similar to our results [22]. Moreover, a previous study reported that the intake of fennel affected decreases in body weight compared to the non-intake of fennel [11]. In addition, another study reported that trans-anethole, a major compound of fennel, increased the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) in adipocytes, thereby decreasing body fat accumulation and increasing body weight [23].…”

“…Inhalation of FEO showed no significant variation in ALT levels among all groups. On the other hand, the AST levels decreased in the FEO-inhaled groups compared to group H (p < 0.05), and there has been no significant negative effect of hepatotoxicity, and it may induce the suppression of hepatotoxicity according to the decreased AST levels [11,29].…”

“…Recent studies have reported that fennel and fennel essential oil (FEO) may play a role in the control of the central nervous system (CNS) and autonomic nervous system (ANS) in the body [1,8,9]. Furthermore, fennel has been demonstrated as a medicinal herb with pharmacological and physiological activities, such as suppression of food intake, body weight, white adipose tissue, blood glucose, and cardiovascular diseases [8][9][10][11].…”

Quality Control of Herbal Products in the Egyptian Market Used for Weight Management

“…A recent studies showed that senna has antidiabetic effect, in addition to the laxative effect of sennosides and hence senna can control obesity 16&17 . Fennel decreases food intake and increases satiety by stimulating cholecystokinin release 18 . Celery and calendula were found to contain compounds that are effective in reducing obesity 19&20 .…”

دراسة تأثیر الدوم والشمر کعوامل مضادة لارتفاع دهون الدم فی فئران التجارب

“…Fennel seed shape is oval and has a strong scent, while the fruit has slightly sweet and slightly spicy. The seeds contain fiber and complex carbohydrates (Elghazaly et al, 2019). Fennel seeds were found to have a hypotensive effect, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antidementia, protective effect against ethanol induced gastric mucosal lesions, anticancer (Rezq, 2012).…”