Beneficial effects of Emblica officinalis on Fluoride-induced toxicity on brain biochemical indexes and learning-memory in rats

Shalini, Bhinda; Sharma, JD

doi:10.4103/0971-6580.172254

Cited by 26 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…Biochemical indexes, including blood urea nitrogen, plasma creatinine concentration, electrolyte, serum protein, parathyroid hormone and CRP levels are crucial for normal kidney function. In the present study, these biochemical indexes were analyzed in mice with type II diabetes-induced chronic renal failure following treatment with HGF (36). The results revealed that HGF may be considered an efficient drug for the treatment of type II diabetes-induced chronic renal failure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Hepatocyte growth factor exerts beneficial effects on mice with type II diabetes‑induced chronic renal failure via the NF‑κB pathway

2018

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Type II diabetes is associated with a low quality of life and inflammation, and is often accompanied by varying degrees of chronic renal failure. Chronic renal failure is considered one of the most important factors that aggravates diabetes and contributes to renal insufficiency in patients with diabetes though cellular fibrosis. It has previously been reported that hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) serves extensive biological roles, and is a multifunctional antifibrotic factor that is involved in kidney development, acute injury and regeneration. The present study aimed to investigate whether HGF exerts beneficial effects on type II diabetes‑induced chronic renal failure in a mouse model. Plasma concentration levels of HGF, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‑α, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)‑1, interleukin (IL)‑1 and IL‑6 were analyzed prior to and following treatment with HGF. Blood urea nitrogen, plasma creatinine concentrations, and electrolyte, total serum protein, parathyroid hormone and C‑reactive protein levels were analyzed by ELISA. The mechanism underlying the effects of the HGF‑mediated signaling pathway was also investigated in mice with type II diabetes‑induced chronic renal failure. Histological analysis was used to determine the therapeutic effects of HGF on mice with type II diabetes‑induced chronic renal failure. The results indicated that HGF exhibited lower plasma concentrations in mice with type II diabetes‑induced chronic renal failure compared with in healthy mice. In addition, treatment with HGF relieved chronic renal failure via inhibition of inflammation. The results indicated that TNF‑α, MCP‑1 and IL‑1 serum concentration levels were downregulated following treatment with HGF. Conversely, IL‑6 and vascular endothelial growth factor concentration was increased in the HGF‑treated mice compared with in the control mice. The results also demonstrated that HGF treatment downregulated the expression of nuclear factor (NF)‑κB molecules, and target molecules C‑C motif chemokine ligand (Ccl)2, Ccl5, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and TNF‑α. The present study demonstrated that HGF markedly improved renal failure induced by type II diabetes in a mouse model; histological analyses revealed that renal cell injury was improved following treatment with HGF. In conclusion, these results suggested that HGF may exert beneficial effects on type II diabetes‑induced chronic renal failure via regulation of the NF‑κB signaling pathway.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Hepatocyte growth factor exerts beneficial effects on mice with type II diabetes‑induced chronic renal failure via the NF‑κB pathway

2018

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“…Also, a decrease in AChE activity was observed in the hypothalamus, in the groups exposed to AlCl3 alone or co-administered with NaF for less duration, which may indicate that for the Al and F to induce their effects, an extended exposure is not a crucial prerequisite. AChE activity is important to maintain normal brain physiological functions and essential in the learning and memory processing (Shalini & Sharma, 2015). The enzyme inactivation leads to the accumulation of acetylcholine that might alter the synaptic transmission of impulses and weaken the CNS coordination of the sensory, motor, and cognitive functions (Čolović, Krstić, Lazarević-Pašti, Bondžić, & Vasić, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The enzyme inactivation leads to the accumulation of acetylcholine that might alter the synaptic transmission of impulses and weaken the CNS coordination of the sensory, motor, and cognitive functions (Čolović, Krstić, Lazarević-Pašti, Bondžić, & Vasić, 2013). Aluminum and fluoride have been reported to exert an inhibitory effect on AChE activity (Lakshmi, Sudhakar, & Anisha, 2014;Shalini & Sharma, 2015). The mechanism by which Al decreased the AChE activity was thought to be due to the attachment of aluminum to the SH groups of the enzyme at its active sites, thus preventing the binding of the substrates and inhibiting the reactions catalyzed by the enzyme (Zaman, Zaman, & Siddique, 1993;Zheng & Liang, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential roles of aluminum chloride and sodium fluoride on the neurotoxicity of the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and hypothalamus of male rat offspring

Kinawy¹

2019

JoBAZ

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Background: This study highlights the potential toxic effects of aluminum chloride and sodium fluoride (NaF), given to pregnant female rats, on the development of the brain neurotransmission systems in their offspring. Pregnant female rats received a daily dose of NaF (0.15 g/L) or AlCl 3 (0.5 g/L) in the drinking deionized water, either separately or in combination with each other, starting from the 6th day of gestation till the end of the breastfeeding period. After weaning, the male offspring were divided into two subgroups; in the first one, the offspring continued to have the same treatments in their drinking water at the same dose levels, as were provided to the mothers, until the age of 70 days of postnatal life. In the second subgroup, the pups were provided with a drinking deionized water without the treatments for a similar period of time. At the end of the experimental period, the contents of the brain monoamine neurotransmitters, as well as the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, were assessed in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and hypothalamus. In addition, the offspring were subjected to the exploratory behavioral test. Results: The results revealed that sodium fluoride and aluminum chloride induced sever perturbation and imbalance in the neurotransmission systems under investigation. The pattern of change and severity differed with the different brain areas. The combination of the two pollutants exerted general synergistic impacts with different specific response in the different brain area. Conclusion:It is concluded from this study that the exposure to sodium fluoride and aluminum chloride, either separately or in combination, induced profound disturbances in the transmission within the rat brain monoamine systems and subsequent undesirable impact on the animal's behavioral aspects.

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“…Emblica officinalis fruit as a food supplement is beneficial in reducing fluoride induced alterations in body and brain weight and recovery of health of the animal 59 . E. officinalis is a good antioxidant, prevent the production of F ions thus the normal role of enzymes involved in protein synthesis helps in normal body and organs' mass.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2018

IJPSR

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This study reports protective effect of Abelmoschus moschatus seed extract against sodium fluoride (NaF) induced alterations in behavior correlated with neurochemical changes in developing brain of rats. Excessive intake of fluoride during pregnancy cross the blood brain barrier (BBB) and cause adverse effects on neonatal development. As the BBB in fetuses, neonates and infants is immature, it cannot provide protection against the entries. The pregnant wistar rats were randomly categorized into six groups of five animals each. Group I is of control rats received normal tap water. Group II is NaF exposed group with 20 ppm (or 20 mgkg -1 body wt.) in their drinking water. Group III rats were treated with A. moschatus aqueous extract (AMAE) (300 mgkg -1 body wt./day/rat) along with NaF water (20 ppm). Group IV rats were treated with A. moschatus ethanolic extract (AMEE) (300 mgkg -1 body wt./day/rat) along with NaF water (20 ppm).Group V and VI rats were treated with AMAE (300 mgkg -1 body wt./day/rat), and AMEE (300 mgkg -1 body wt./day/rat) respectively. On 1 st , 7 th , 14 th , 21 st and 30 th day (postpartum days), the pups were sacrificed to assess oxidative stress markers (LPO, CAT), and measured body weight, brain weight, BSI, and estimated protein content of brain tissue of all experimental groups. On post-natal day 21 and day 30 pups behavioral activity (rota rod, hot plate test) was measured. Fluoride exposure significantly increased lipid peroxidation and decreased the activity of catalase, and decreased body and brain weight, BSI and also protein content of the brain of pups indicating oxidative stress and inhibited antioxidant system and protein synthesis which were reverted on administration of AMAE and AMEE against NaF intoxication. The altered behavioral responses on NaF exposure were also reversed to that of control. Hence, this study proves the vulnerability of developing brain to fluoride toxicity during development and growth and protection offered by AMAE and AMEE towards neurotoxicity of NaF.

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Beneficial effects of Emblica officinalis on Fluoride-induced toxicity on brain biochemical indexes and learning-memory in rats

Cited by 26 publications

References 7 publications

Hepatocyte growth factor exerts beneficial effects on mice with type II diabetes‑induced chronic renal failure via the NF‑κB pathway

Hepatocyte growth factor exerts beneficial effects on mice with type II diabetes‑induced chronic renal failure via the NF‑κB pathway

The potential roles of aluminum chloride and sodium fluoride on the neurotoxicity of the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and hypothalamus of male rat offspring

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