Beneficial effect of xylose consumption on postprandial hyperglycemia in Korean: a randomized double-blind, crossover design

Abstract

BackgroundPrevious studies have reported that xylose selectively inhibited the activity of sucrase. Xylose supplementation may have a beneficial effect on the postprandial glycemic response. However, no studies have investigated patients with IFG or the effectivity of a dose of D-xylose less than 10 % (w/w).MethodsThe present study determined the effect of xylose consumption on postprandial hyperglycemia in normal (n = 25) and hyperglycemic subjects (n = 50). Subjects in this double-blind crossover design study were randomly assigned to consume a sucrose drink (Control, sucrose 50 g + deionized water 100 g) or a sucrose drink additionally containing 5 g (Test 1, sucrose:xylose = 10:1), 3.33 g (Test 2, sucrose:xylose = 15:1), or 2.5 g (Test 3, sucrose:xylose = 20:1) of D-xylose separated by a one-week interval.ResultsNormal subjects in all test groups exhibited a significant decrease in serum glucose levels 15 min and 30 min after consuming the xylose-containing drinks compared to the control group. Significantly lower serum levels of insulin were observed at 15 min and 30 min after consuming the xylose-containing drinks compared to the control group. The test 1 group also exhibited a significantly lower insulin area under the curve than the control group. Hyperglycemic subjects (n = 50) in all test groups exhibited a significant decrease in serum glucose levels at 30 min compared to the control group. However, the test 1 group exhibited a significant increase in serum glucose levels at 120 min compared to the control group. Glucose-related markers did not significantly differ in each group.ConclusionXylose supplementation may exert a beneficial effect on postprandial glycemic responses in subjects with normal glucose levels and prediabetes.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02654301. Registered 12 January 2016.

Xylose metabolism in the pig

“…If sucrose is not hydrolyzed by sucrase at the intestinal brush border, it can be absorbed intact and is usually excreted as such in the urine [ 53 , 54 ]. The fact that urinary sucrose excretion increased due to xylose consumption, even though all diets contained the same amount of sucrose, may support the conclusions of previous studies that xylose inhibits intestinal sucrase activity [ 55 ] and reduces the post-prandial glycemic effect of sucrose-containing meals [ 56 , 57 ].…”

Correlation of D-xylose with severity and morbidity-related factors of COVID-19 and possible therapeutic use of D-xylose and antibiotics for COVID-19

“…Similar results have been found in recent studies with groups of rats fed diets supplemented with xylose or xylitol [ 61 , 62 ]. Similar results were obtained in humans in a randomized, double-blind study of 75 Koreans [ 63 ].…”

L-arabinose and D-xylose: sweet pentoses that may reduce postprandial glucose and insulin responses

“…L-arabinose has a sweet taste (7) and can, therefore, be easily added to sweet-tasting foods, such as beverages and muffins, without compromising the overall taste. Another ingredient of interest is D-xylose, a sweet pentose that can be extracted from cell walls in the hemicellulose backbone of cereal grains and wood (8). L-arabinose and D-xylose share a common functionality, namely, the inhibition of sucrose hydrolysis in the brush border of the small intestine by uncompetitive inhibition of the enzyme sucrase (9)(10)(11).…”