Beneficial effect of gamma irradiation on the N-deacetylation of chitin to form chitosan

Chitin and chitosan from Brazilian Atlantic Coast: Isolation, characterization and antibacterial activity

“…Chitin is insoluble in water and most organic solvents, this due to its rigid structure and strong intra and inters molecular hydrogen bonds. In contrast, chitosan is readily soluble in diluted acids (as hydrochloric acid, citric acid and acetic acid) with pH below 6 [22][23][24][25][26][27]. Chitin and chitosan have great economic impact due to their biological activities and their industrial and biomedical applications.…”

Chiral stationary phases based on chitosan bis(4-methylphenylcarbamate)-(alkoxyformamide)

“…Chitin (from shrimp shell) was purchased from Hai Zhi Yuan Biological Products (Weifang, China). Chitin was deacetylated affording chitosan according to the reported methods . The viscosity‐average molecular weight () of the chitosan was estimated as 3.9 × 10 5 , and the deacetylation degree ( DD ) was almost 100%.…”

Effects of low–frequency ultrasound on heterogenous deacetylation of chitin

“…Therefore, many new technologies have been applied to meet the expectation of innovation to conventional chemical deacetylation in terms of reducing chemicals, power as well as processing time. For example, the freeze-pump out-thaw cycles, gamma irradiation, the microwave and ultrasound have been used as the new routes for chitin's deacetylation [7], [8], [9]. Among them, ultrasound reveals more advantages as simple, more feasible and friendly to environment.…”