Abstract:This study reviews the history of television audience fragmentation in the United States and uses a secondary analysis of Nielsen peoplemeter data to assess the current state of both fragmentation and audience polarization across 62 of the most prominent television networks. Audience fragmentation is more advanced than is generally recognized. Polarization, the tendency of channel audiences to be composed of devotees and nonviewers, is also evident, though modest. Contrary to the "law of double jeopardy," ther… Show more
“…It has been widely observed that over the past 20 years, the television audience has become fragmented (Webster, 2005). Average prime-time ratings on major networks are now in the single digits, and ratings on lesser networks are lower still.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Small average ratings leave little room for below average ratings to vary (i.e., they cannot dip below 0). High program ratings are increasingly rare as networks target narrower demographics, and audiences exclude networks from consideration by virtue of limited channel repertoires or "defacto selectivity" (Webster, 2005). Whatever the cause, variation in network program shares seems to have diminished over the years (McDowell & Dick, 2003).…”
Television inheritance effects, inordinately high levels of audience duplication between programs scheduled back-to-back, have helped broadcasters manage audience flow for decades. This study uses 2004 national peoplemeter data collected by Nielsen to replicate a study of inheritance effects done 20 years earlier. It finds the same predictors explain either 96% or 58% of variance in the duplicated audience, depending upon the measure of duplication that is used. The research resolves discrepancies in the literature on inheritance effects and casts serious doubt on the common practice of inferring audience duplication from the strength of correlations between lead-in and lead-out program ratings.
“…It has been widely observed that over the past 20 years, the television audience has become fragmented (Webster, 2005). Average prime-time ratings on major networks are now in the single digits, and ratings on lesser networks are lower still.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Small average ratings leave little room for below average ratings to vary (i.e., they cannot dip below 0). High program ratings are increasingly rare as networks target narrower demographics, and audiences exclude networks from consideration by virtue of limited channel repertoires or "defacto selectivity" (Webster, 2005). Whatever the cause, variation in network program shares seems to have diminished over the years (McDowell & Dick, 2003).…”
Television inheritance effects, inordinately high levels of audience duplication between programs scheduled back-to-back, have helped broadcasters manage audience flow for decades. This study uses 2004 national peoplemeter data collected by Nielsen to replicate a study of inheritance effects done 20 years earlier. It finds the same predictors explain either 96% or 58% of variance in the duplicated audience, depending upon the measure of duplication that is used. The research resolves discrepancies in the literature on inheritance effects and casts serious doubt on the common practice of inferring audience duplication from the strength of correlations between lead-in and lead-out program ratings.
“…Deste modo, se, por um lado, o aumento do número de media está provocando uma fragmentação das audiências (Webster, 2005), por outro, as ferramentas de comunicação digital parecem providenciar um mecanismo de retorno e ligação entre elementos aparentemente dispersos. Tendo em conta o estudo em apreço, atualmente, no cenário de abundância mediática, os múltiplos centros e canais autônomos existentes parecem estar ligados, num fluxo que Holton (2010: 19) designa por "convergent fragmentation".…”
ResumoUma das instituições centrais onde a identidade dos intelectuais foi cimentada, os salões do século XVIII, está a ser recriada precisamente na internet. Ao fornecer recursos tecnológicos para a socialização de projetos de vários intelectuais numa rede de pares, de interessados e de audiências inesperadas, a internet, um media líquido por excelência, ao mesmo tempo que é um lugar privilegiado para novas autoridades se expressarem e expandirem, revela-se não só uma causa de desintegração, mas também uma poderosa ferramenta de (re)construção social para a comunidade intelectual e da cultura pública, ao ser um lugar onde intelectuais encontram espaço para exercerem o seu papel de consciência reflexiva da sociedade contemporânea. Palavras-chave: intelectuais, televisão, internet, salões oitocentistas, redes sociais AbstRAct One of the central institutions where the identity of intellectuals was cemented, the eighteenth century salon, is being re-enacted today, precisely on the internet. By supplying technological resources for the socialization of the projects of each intellectual in a network of similar subjects, lay experts and non-specialists, the Internet, a liquid media per excellence, as a privileged set for new authorities of knowledge to express and expand themselves, became not just a cause of disintegration, but also a powerful social re-construction tool both for intellectual community and public culture. The Internet is a place where intellectuals are finding room for exerting their role of reflexive conscience of contemporary era.
“…In an increasingly fragmented audience environment (Napoli, 2001;Webster, 2005), the ability to offer convenient and cost-effective access to particular audiences sub-groups represents a clear strength for the magazine publishing sector.…”
By focusing on the case study of FHM -a magazine which currently sells in 30 editions across 5 continents -this paper explores the economics and main managerial challenges associated with global expansion of media products. The success of FHM demonstrates that, to calculate the full returns available from the brand image created by a magazine title, publishers will take into account not only opportunities for domestic and international exploitation of the magazine but also the potential to extend the brand across additional media platforms and additional complementary product markets. This study focuses on how global expansion of FHM has been managed.
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