Benchmarking hardware architecture candidates for the NFIRAOS real-time controller

Smith, Malcolm J.; Kerley, Dan; Herriot, Glen; Véran, Jean-Pierre

doi:10.1117/12.2057345

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…GPUs excel in cost, floating-point processing and development costs while FPGAs are known for their predictable timing latency, low power consumption and high-speed interfacing options. 7,8 A recent stagnation in compelling FPGA hardware, the high initial programming overhead for FPGAs and the rapid evolution of GPU and Central Processing Unit (CPU) performance has resulted in GPUs and CPUs dominating the choice of computing hardware for NFIRAOS 3,9,10 and E-ELT 11,12 AO over the years. The cost of hardware and development makes GPUs a compelling hardware choice for AO.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scalable platform for adaptive optics real-time control, part 2: field programmable gate array implementation and performance

Surendran

Burse

Ramaprakash

et al. 2018

J. Astron. Telesc. Instrum. Syst.

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The next generation of Adaptive Optics (AO) systems on large telescopes will require immense computation performance and memory bandwidth, both of which are challenging with the technology available today. The objective of this work is to create a future-proof adaptive optics platform on an FPGA architecture, which scales with the number of subapertures, pixels per subaperture and external memory. We have created a scalable adaptive optics platform with an off-the-shelf FPGA development board, which provides an AO reconstruction time only limited by the external memory bandwidth. SPARC uses the same logic resources irrespective of the number of subapertures in the AO system. This paper is aimed at embedded developers who are interested in the FPGA design and the accompanying hardware interfaces. The central theme of this paper is to show how scalability is incorporated at different levels of the FPGA implementation. This work is a continuation of Part 1 of the paper which explains the concept, objectives, control scheme and method of validation used for testing the platform.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scalable platform for adaptive optics real-time control, part 2: field programmable gate array implementation and performance

Surendran

Burse

Ramaprakash

et al. 2018

J. Astron. Telesc. Instrum. Syst.

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“…Building upon the RTC Preliminary Design that was described in [1] [2] [3], this paper summarizes updated architectural details and prototyping results that were presented as part of the RTC's Final Design, which successfully passed its external review in December 2017. This involved external reviewers from key international organizations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Real-Time controller (RTC) for the Narrow Field Infrared Adaptive Optics System (NFIRAOS) for TMT final design

Dunn

Kerley

Smith

et al. 2018

Adaptive Optics Systems VI

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The Real-Time Controller (RTC) for the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT) Narrow Field Infrared Adaptive Optics System (NFIRAOS) is the software and server hardware that calculates wavefront corrector commands from wavefront sensor measurements. The RTC is fed data from up to six Shack-Hartmann Laser Guide Star wavefront sensors (LGS WFS), one high-order Natural Guide Star Pyramid Wavefront Sensor (PWFS), up to three Shack-Hartmann On-Instrument wavefront sensors (OIWFS) that are located in the client science instruments, and up to four on-detector guide windows (ODGW) also in the client instruments. The RTC supports laser guide star multi-conjugate adaptive optics (MCAO) and natural guide star adaptive optics (NGS AO) observing modes. The RTC controls two deformable mirrors, one conjugated to 0km (DM0, mounted on a tip/tilt stage) and another to 11.8km (DM11). During the final design phase we used extensive prototyping to demonstrate that off-the-shelf servers using general purpose CPUs are able to support the maximum 800 Hz loop-rate at which the RTC is required to operate, with acceptable latency and jitter. Prototyping was also performed to compare the flexibility of CPU-and Xeon Phi-based architectures. This paper discusses evolution in the RTC from the Preliminary to Final Design Phases, emphasizing its modular architecture, and ability to accommodate a wide range of observing conditions.

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“…During the RTC Trade Study 5,6 it was demonstrated that one high-end Intel Xeon CPU (E5-2697 V2) was both required and adequate to perform the MVM corresponding to one quadrant of one LGS WFS.…”

Section: Hop Server Hardwarementioning

confidence: 99%

Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT) Narrow Field Infrared Adaptive Optics System (NFIRAOS) real-time controller preliminary architecture

et al. 2016

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The Narrow Field Infrared Adaptive Optics System (NFIRAOS) is the first light Adaptive Optics (AO) system for the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT). A critical component of NFIRAOS is the Real-Time Controller (RTC) subsystem which provides real-time wavefront correction by processing wavefront information to compute Deformable Mirror (DM) and Tip/Tilt Stage (TTS) commands. The National Research Council of CanadaHerzberg (NRC-H), in conjunction with TMT, has developed a preliminary design for the NFIRAOS RTC.The preliminary architecture for the RTC is comprised of several Linux-based servers. These servers are assigned various roles including: the High-Order Processing (HOP) servers, the Wavefront Corrector Controller (WCC) server, the Telemetry Engineering Display (TED) server, the Persistent Telemetry Storage (PTS) server, and additional testing and spare servers.There are up to six HOP servers that accept high-order wavefront pixels, and perform parallelized pixel processing and wavefront reconstruction to produce wavefront corrector error vectors. The WCC server performs low-order mode processing, and synchronizes and aggregates the high-order wavefront corrector error vectors from the HOP servers to generate wavefront corrector commands. The Telemetry Engineering Display (TED) server is the RTC interface to TMT and other subsystems. The TED server receives all external commands and dispatches them to the rest of the RTC servers and is responsible for aggregating several offloading and telemetry values that are reported to other subsystems within NFIRAOS and TMT. The TED server also provides the engineering GUIs and real-time displays. The Persistent Telemetry Storage (PTS) server contains fault tolerant data storage that receives and stores telemetry data, including data for Point-Spread Function Reconstruction (PSFR).

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Benchmarking hardware architecture candidates for the NFIRAOS real-time controller

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Scalable platform for adaptive optics real-time control, part 2: field programmable gate array implementation and performance

Scalable platform for adaptive optics real-time control, part 2: field programmable gate array implementation and performance

The Real-Time controller (RTC) for the Narrow Field Infrared Adaptive Optics System (NFIRAOS) for TMT final design

Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT) Narrow Field Infrared Adaptive Optics System (NFIRAOS) real-time controller preliminary architecture

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