Bench and pilot scale process evaluation of reburning for in-furnace nox reduction

Effectiveness of calcium magnesium acetate as dual SO2 ‐NOx emission Control Agent

“…This was evident from EDX as well as the residue colors which were gray or tan at lower temperatures (Steciak et al, 1994a). The carbon may have contributed to NO, reduction, since carbonaceous solids have been observed to reduce NO (Furusawa et al, 1983;Chen et al, 1986;Teng et al, 1992). Residual carbon disappeared when the post-combustion oxidizing zone was active.…”

Second Generation Advanced Reburning for High Efficiency NOx Control

“…Experimental data used for comparison with modeling predictions were obtained in three combustion facilities: 20 kW Controlled Temperature Tower (CTT), 300 kW Boiler Simulator Facility (BSF), and 3 MW Tower Furnace (TF), which were described in more detail elsewhere [23,24]. Data of Kolb et al [25] and Mereb and Wendt [26,27] were also used for model validation.…”

Reducing NOx Emissions Using Fuel Staging, Air Staging, and Selective Noncatalytic Reduction in Synergy

“…Such simplistic assumption is known to be appropriate for simulating SNCR and air staging. As for burnout, the ideal mixing assumption is appropriate for the conditions relevant to the CS as proposed in this paper, while it is known to be inadequate for other burnout techniques, i.e., at air-to-fuel ratio very close to stoichiometric 21,45,58,84,86 and temperature above 1500 K. 17,19,30,53,57,89 In this case, models should account for a progressive mixing of the staged burnout air, thus allowing more accurate predictions of the selectivity of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and residual amines (NHi) to form NO rather than N 2 . 19,21,33 There, models such as the Zwietering approach, 21,28,57,58,86,89,90 the complex networking of ideal reactors, 45,91,92 or one of the emerging models that solve both fluid dynamics and chemical kinetics 93,94 should be used instead of the instantaneous mixing model used in this work.…”