Below‐ground carbon input to soil is controlled by nutrient availability and fine root dynamics in loblolly pine

King, John S.; Albaugh, Timothy J.; Allen, H. Lee; Buford, Marilyn A.; Strain, Boyd R.; Dougherty, Phillip M.

doi:10.1046/j.1469-8137.2002.00393.x

Cited by 246 publications

(211 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…This is in good agreement with Pregitzer et al (2002), who reported that the roots in an arbitrary fine-root size-class do not function the same way, and that their C cost for both construction and maintenance could be different (Pregitzer et al, 2002). King et al (2002) suggested that the term 'fine roots' is a mix of static and dynamic root fractions and that the size class below which root properties and function shift from those of perennial to ephemeral is much smaller than the commonly used 2.0 mm diameter class. ECM short roots include mostly first (tips are considered as first order) and second order short roots with primary structure, so that the results of King et al (2002) can be compared with those of Pregitzer et al (2002) and Guo et al (2004).…”

Section: Specific Root Length Within the Fine Root Systemsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…King et al (2002) suggested that the term 'fine roots' is a mix of static and dynamic root fractions and that the size class below which root properties and function shift from those of perennial to ephemeral is much smaller than the commonly used 2.0 mm diameter class. ECM short roots include mostly first (tips are considered as first order) and second order short roots with primary structure, so that the results of King et al (2002) can be compared with those of Pregitzer et al (2002) and Guo et al (2004). Both studies showed that there is a decrease in SRL values with increasing root order and that SRL is smaller for roots with secondary structure.…”

Section: Specific Root Length Within the Fine Root Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Guo et al (2004) reported that short roots (orders 1 and 2) could account for more than 75% of the total root length and more than 60% of the total root surface area. King et al (2002) claimed that about 80% of the root length occurred in fine roots with diameters 51 mm. Whereas the ectomycorrhizal and non-ectomycorrhizal short roots of ectomycorrhizal trees are functionally responsible for nutrient and water uptake, the long fine roots 52 mm in diameter are functionally responsible for the spread and stability of the fine root system and for the nutrient transport to the coarse roots (42 mm in diameter).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Specific root length as an indicator of environmental change

Ostonen

Püttsepp

Biel

et al. 2007

Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all As

519

349

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Specific root length (SRL, m g71 ) is probably the most frequently measured morphological parameter of fine roots. It is believed to characterize economic aspects of the root system and to be indicative of environmental changes. The main objectives of this paper were to review and summarize the published SRL data for different tree species throughout Europe and to assess SRL under varying environmental conditions. Meta-analysis was used to summarize the response of SRL to the following manipulated environmental conditions: fertilization, irrigation, elevated temperature, elevated CO 2 , Al-stress, reduced light, heavy metal stress and physical disturbance of soil. SRL was found to be strongly dependent on the fine root classes, i.e. on the ectomycorrhizal short roots (ECM), and on the roots 50.5 mm, 51 mm, 52 mm and 1 -2 mm in diameter SRL was largest for ECM and decreased with increasing diameter. Changes in soil factors influenced most strongly the SRL of ECM and roots 50.5 mm. The variation in the SRL components, root diameter and root tissue density, and their impact on the SRL value were computed. Meta-analyses showed that SRL decreased significantly under fertilization and Al-stress; it responded negatively to reduced light, elevated temperature and CO 2. We suggest that SRL can be used successfully as an indicator of nutrient availability to trees in experimental conditions.

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Section: Specific Root Length Within the Fine Root Systemsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Specific Root Length Within the Fine Root Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Specific root length as an indicator of environmental change

Ostonen

Püttsepp

Biel

et al. 2007

Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all As

519

349

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Similarly, other authors also found this strong dependence of root survivorship on root diameter (Gill and Jackson 2000;Wells and Eissenstat 2001;King 1,050, 1,540, 1,890 m a.s.l. 1,890, 2,380, 3, et al 2002;Baddeley and Watson 2005). This may be explained by higher nutrient concentrations and respiration rates of small diameter roots, i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine root dynamics along a 2,000-m elevation transect in South Ecuadorian mountain rainforests

2008

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Fine root turnover plays an important role in the cycling of carbon and nutrients in ecosystems. Not much is known about fine root dynamics in tropical montane rainforests, which are characterized by steep temperature gradients over short distances. We applied the minirhizotron technique in five forest stands along an elevational transect between 1,050 and 3,060 m above sea level in a South Ecuadorian montane rainforest in order to test the influence of climate and soil parameters on fine root turnover. Turnover of roots with diameter <2.0 mm was significantly higher in the lowermost and the uppermost stand (0.9 cm cm −1 year −1 ) than in the three mid-elevation stands (0.6 cm cm −1 year −1 ). Root turnover of finest roots (d<0.5 mm) was higher compared to the root cohort with d<2.0 mm, and exceeded 1.0 cm cm −1 year −1 at the lower and upper elevations of the transect. We propose that the non linear altitudinal trend of fine root turnover originates from an overlapping of a temperature effect with other environmental gradients (e.g. adverse soil conditions) in the upper part of the transect and that the fast replacement of fine roots is used as an adaptive mechanism by trees to cope with limiting environmental conditions.

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“…There is clearly not a single class of "fine roots" that can be easily identified on the basis of morphological criteria (e.g., diameter, Pregitzer 2002) but, rather, a continuum of sizes, functions (Guo et al 2008), and lifespans (King et al 2002) across branching orders. Accordingly, the study of the elementary phases of root phenology (i.e., the onset of production and shedding of a root segment) would benefit from the consideration of multiple branching orders individually.…”

Section: The Phenology Of Fine Rootsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperate and boreal forest tree phenology: from organ-scale processes to terrestrial ecosystem models

Delpierre

Vitasse

Chuine

et al. 2016

Annals of Forest Science

219

192

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Abstract& Key message We demonstrate that, beyond leaf phenology, the phenological cycles of wood and fine roots present clear responses to environmental drivers in temperate and boreal trees. These drivers should be included in terrestrial ecosystem models. & Context In temperate and boreal trees, a dormancy period prevents organ development during adverse climatic conditions. Whereas the phenology of leaves and flowers has received considerable attention, to date, little is known regarding the phenology of other tree organs such as wood, fine roots, fruits, and reserve compounds. & Aims Here, we review both the role of environmental drivers in determining the phenology of tree organs and the models used to predict the phenology of tree organs in temperate and boreal forest trees. & Results Temperature is a key driver of the resumption of tree activity in spring, although its specific effects vary among organs. There is no such clear dominant environmental cue involved in the cessation of tree activity in autumn and in the onset of dormancy, but temperature, photoperiod, and water stress appear as prominent factors. The phenology of a given organ is, to a certain extent, influenced by processes in distant organs. & Conclusion Inferring past trends and predicting future trends of tree phenology in a changing climate requires specific phenological models developed for each organ to consider the phenological cycle as an ensemble in which the environmental cues that trigger each phase are also indirectly involved in the subsequent phases. Incorporating such models into terrestrial ecosystem models (TEMs) would likely improve the accuracy of their predictions. The extent to which the coordination of the phenologies of tree organs will be affected in a changing climate deserves further research.

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Below‐ground carbon input to soil is controlled by nutrient availability and fine root dynamics in loblolly pine

Cited by 246 publications

References 53 publications

Specific root length as an indicator of environmental change

Specific root length as an indicator of environmental change

Fine root dynamics along a 2,000-m elevation transect in South Ecuadorian mountain rainforests

Temperate and boreal forest tree phenology: from organ-scale processes to terrestrial ecosystem models

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