“…The synthesized experiments concerned a variety of news. Eight reports used false social and political news, including reports of robberies (Ecker, Lewandowsky, Fenton, & Martin, 2014), the investigations of the warehouse fire (Ecker, Lewandowsky, Swire, et al, 2011; Johnson & Seifert, 1994) and traffic accidents (Ecker, Lewandowsky, & Apai, 2011; Ecker et al, 2010), the death panel descriptions of the 2010 Affordable Care Act (Berinsky, 2012), positions of political candidates on arguments about Medicaid (Bullock, 2007), and whether a political candidate had received donations from a convicted felon (Thorson, 2013). Table 1 presents a summary of characteristics for each meta-analyzed condition.…”