Beijing's March West: Opportunities and Challenges for China's Eurasian Pivot

Clarke, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.orbis.2016.01.001

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Since the inception of Xi Jinping's ambitious "Belt and Road Initiative" in late 2013, stability maintenance (weiwen; 维稳) in this volatile region has become an even greater priority. Xinjiang became a "core region" (hexin qu; 核心区) in the BRI, just at a time when deadly acts of resistance there were reaching a peak (Clarke, 2016). After the suicide car bombing in Beijing's Tian'anmen square (October 2013), the train station stabbing in Kunming (March 2014) and the market bombing in Urumqi (April 2014), Chinese President Xi Jinping responded with a call for "walls made of copper and steel" and "nets spread from the earth to the sky" to capture these terrorists (China Daily, 2014).…”

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confidence: 99%

‘Thoroughly reforming them towards a healthy heart attitude’: China’s political re-education campaign in Xinjiang

Zenz¹

2018

Central Asian Survey

118

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Since spring 2017, the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in China has witnessed the emergence of an unprecedented reeducation campaign. According to media and informant reports, untold thousands of Uyghurs and other Muslims have been and are being detained in clandestine political re-education facilities, with major implications for society, local economies and ethnic relations. Considering that the Chinese state is currently denying the very existence of these facilities, this paper investigates publicly available evidence from official sources, including government websites, media reports and other Chinese internet sources. First, it briefly charts the history and present context of political re-education. Second, it looks at the recent evolution of re-education in Xinjiang in the context of 'de-extremification' work. Finally, it evaluates detailed empirical evidence pertaining to the present re-education drive. With Xinjiang as the 'core hub' of the Belt and Road Initiative, Beijing appears determined to pursue a definitive solution to the Uyghur question. Since summer 2017, troubling reports emerged about large-scale internments of Muslims (Uyghurs, Kazakhs and Kyrgyz) in China's northwest Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR). By the end of the year, reports emerged that some ethnic minority townships had detained up to 10 percent of the entire population, and that in the Uyghur-dominated Kashgar Prefecture alone, numbers of interned persons had

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confidence: 99%

‘Thoroughly reforming them towards a healthy heart attitude’: China’s political re-education campaign in Xinjiang

Zenz¹

2018

Central Asian Survey

118

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“…Entretanto, esse desejo de resolução de problemas regionais sem a interferência de outros atores não significa que não houveram interações entre China e Estados Unidos no combate aos grupos radicais locais, ainda que suas interpretações sobre o problema sejam divergentes. Para o governo americano, a instabilidade da Ásia Central estaria relacionada com a distância entre a região e a ordem liberal global, para a qual a solução seria a sua própria proposta de "Iniciativa da Nova Rota da Seda", apresentada em 2011, e que pretendia promover a liberalização do comércio e cooperação econômica para uma versão ampliada da Ásia Central, incluindo, entre outros, Afeganistão e Xinjiang (Clarke, 2016).…”

Section: áSia Central a Ameaça Terrorista E Os Interesses Geopolíticosunclassified

“…A diferença econômica herdada da política que priorizou investimentos na costa oeste, economicamente mais desenvolvida do que o leste desde Deng Xiaoping, levaria o governo a acreditar ser a pobreza a principal causa de instabilidades na região, partindo da perspectiva de que "a maioria das pessoas, inclusive uigures, desejam principalmente uma vida econômica melhor para elas e para seus filhos" (Davis, 2008, p. 19, tradução nossa). A solução apresentada passava pelos investimentos econômicos da campanha de Desenvolvimento do Grande Oeste, lançada por Jiang Zeming, em 2000, que pretendia consolidar Xinjiang como um corredor energético e de comércio por meio da maior interação e cooperação entre a China e os vizinhos da Ásia Central (Clarke, 2016).…”

Section: O Desenvolvimento Como Instrumento De Coesão Socialunclassified

Panturquismo Em Xinjiang E Na Ásia Central: Entre O Separatismo E a Integração

Vieira

2020

Lua Nova

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Resumo A manutenção da estabilidade social tem sido considerada pelo Partido Comunista Chinês (PCCh) condição primordial para a manutenção de sua hegemonia nacional, porém, a repressão à minoria étnica uigur tem alimentado pleitos separatistas. Este artigo analisa o desenvolvimento do movimento radical islâmico na China e sua interação com outros grupos da Ásia Central e com a repressão estatal. Primeiro aborda o desenvolvimento da atuação extremista de grupos islâmicos na Ásia Central para, na segunda parte, analisar sua interação com o movimento separatista uigur; e, na terceira e quarta partes, discute as estratégias de desenvolvimento e repressão empregadas pelo PCCh para a dissuasão do ímpeto separatista. Conclui-se que o radicalismo islâmico da Ásia Central e os conflitos étnicos são fontes de instabilidade que podem ameaçar a integridade territorial e os projetos de integração chineses. Contudo, reprimir a cultura, religião e costumes uigures e banalizar o conceito de terrorismo pode provocar um efeito reverso ao esperado por parte do PCCh, estimulando a radicalização dos grupos separatistas.

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“…European countries. In Table 2, two other research works are general descriptions, economics and strategy development works (Clarke, 2016;Malle, 2017). Both of these works describe the political and economic situation in Eurasia, and consider it through influential countries such as China, Russia and USA.…”

Section: Literature Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

One Belt And One Road: Literature Analysis

Hilmola

2019

Transport and Telecommunication Journal

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In the late 2013 One Belt and One Road (OBOR) was announced in Chinese international political speeches. Thereafter, this significant investment program started and research works were also initiated. We found that first journal publications (in English) appeared in 2016, and thereafter their amounts have increased, especially in 2018. Most of the contributing authors are China based or Chinese scholars living in abroad. Highest citations amounts are for the works published in the first analysis year, however, some differences exist between Scopus and Web of Science citation service amounts. Ten highest cited works account most of the citations on analysed 66 articles. Literature analysis uses tag cloud and network analysis to identify and analyse what are the most used references of these OBOR works. There does not exist any clear key reference among articles, but most used references form a network among analysed research work citations. This further verifies that OBOR program is significantly sized in topics covered, and it is still difficult to define its central or key area.

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Beijing's March West: Opportunities and Challenges for China's Eurasian Pivot

Cited by 23 publications

References 0 publications

‘Thoroughly reforming them towards a healthy heart attitude’: China’s political re-education campaign in Xinjiang

‘Thoroughly reforming them towards a healthy heart attitude’: China’s political re-education campaign in Xinjiang

Panturquismo Em Xinjiang E Na Ásia Central: Entre O Separatismo E a Integração

One Belt And One Road: Literature Analysis

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