Behind the Model‐Minority Stereotype: Voices of High‐ and Low‐Achieving Asian American Students

Lee, Stacey J.

doi:10.1525/aeq.1994.25.4.04x0530j

Cited by 238 publications

(246 citation statements)

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“…In addition, given that the actual buffering effects of family obligation did not emerge as statistically significant until the later high school years, future research and intervention efforts that are focused on somewhat younger high school students might allow more of an opportunity to observe adverse effects of low family socioeconomic stress and to subsequently intervene early in order to promote better academic outcomes. Indeed, the model minority stereotype involves a complex interplay between adolescent characteristics and both in-school and out-of-school experiences (Lee 1994), and our work contributes to the understanding that Asian youths' school achievement is considerably multifaceted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Socioeconomic Stress and Academic Adjustment Among Asian American Adolescents: The Protective Role of Family Obligation

Kiang

Andrews

Stein

et al. 2013

J Youth Adolescence

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Abstract:Socioeconomic stress has long been found to place youth at risk, with low family income conferring disadvantages in adolescents' school achievement and success. This study investigates the role of socioeconomic stress on academic adjustment, and pinpoints family obligation as a possible buffer of negative associations. We examined direct and interactive effects at two time points in the same sample of Asian American adolescents-early high school (N = 180 9th-10th graders; 60 % female) and 2 years later in late high school (N = 156 11th-12th graders; 87 % of original sample). Results suggest that socioeconomic stress is indeed associated with poor academic adjustment, measured broadly through self-reported GPA, importance of academic success, and educational aspirations and expectations. Family obligation was positively related to adjustment, and also was found to buffer the negative effects of socioeconomic stress, but only during adolescents' later high school years. Adolescents reporting more family obligation experienced less of the negative effects of financial stress on academic outcomes than those reporting lower obligation. Cultural and developmental implications are discussed in light of these direct and moderating effects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Socioeconomic Stress and Academic Adjustment Among Asian American Adolescents: The Protective Role of Family Obligation

Kiang

Andrews

Stein

et al. 2013

J Youth Adolescence

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“…But adolescents vary widely in how strongly they endorse particular culturally relevant attitudes and behaviors (Eckert, 1989;Fordham, 1988;Lee, 1993;Peshkin, 1991). Tcsseretal.…”

Section: Individual Contextual and Relationship Moderators Of Frienmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, although these findings generalized theory and past research to a large, heterogeneous sample of adolescents, important subtleties may have been masked when adolescents were classified into broad ethnic groups. For instance, Asian-descent adolescents' school and peer experiences vary according to their countries of origin (Lee, 1993).…”

Section: Limitations and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do birds of a feather flock together? The variable bases for African American, Asian American, and European American adolescents' selection of similar friends.

Hamm¹

2000

Developmental Psychology

178

152

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Variability in adolescent-friend similarity is documented in a diverse sample of African American, Asian American, and European American adolescents. Similarity was greatest for substance use, modest for academic orientations, and tow for ethnic identity. Compared with Asian American and European American adolescents, African American adolescents chose friends who were less similar with respect to academic orientation or substance use but more similar with respect to ethnic identity. For all three ethnic groups, personal endorsement of the dimension in question and selection of cross-ethnic-group friends heightened similarity. Similarity was a relative rather than an absolute selection criterion: Adolescents did not choose friends with identical orientations. These findings call for a comprehensive theory of friendship selection sensitive to diversity in adolescents' experiences. Implications for peer influence and self-development are discussed.H. S. Sullivan's (1953) seminal theorizing on the developmental features of friendship calls attention to the importance of shared interests, attitudes, and behaviors between adolescent friends in meeting basic social needs of companionship and intimacy. Close friendships are thought to be the most rewarding when both partners pursue activities and interests that are mutually engaging. Intimate self-disclosure, critical to adolescents as they come to understand who they are and what their place is in the world, is most satisfying and beneficial when it occurs between peers who share similar views with respect to issues of fundamental importance to them (Youniss & Smollar, 1985). Social psychological theory and research findings, too, demonstrate that similarity is a key platform for friendship selection and emphasize that adolescents seek friends who share endorsement of activities and orientations that are of consequence to them (T. M Newcomb, 1961; This study was completed in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Science degree at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

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“…The stereotype includes characteristics of being academically driven, work-focused, and financially successful. This stereotype is rooted in the pressure that first-generation Asians felt to take care of their families and validate the sacrifice that their families had made by immigrating to the US (Lee, 1994). "The disposition for many first generation Chinese immigrants in America to see life as a constant test of survival, to the extent that it almost becomes ethnic symbolism, is a complex mentality.…”

Section: Model Minority Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity within Asian Americans: Barriers to the Public Discussion of Discrimination

Ing

2015

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This purpose of this thesis is to discuss barriers to the public discussion of discrimination against Asian-Americans. The literature addresses three major barriers: model minority status, portrayal in media, and cultural desire to assimilate. This thesis discusses how Asian-Americans contain generational, ethnic, and immigration-based diversity that complicates these barriers, while also positing that diversity itself presents a barrier. This project concludes with a brief discussion of "intra-ethnic othering," the discrimination that occurs between Asian subgroups, as another barrier to public discussion of Asian-American discrimination. DIVERSITY WITHIN 3 Diversity within Asian Americans: Barriers to the Public Discussion of DiscriminationIn the 1980's, there was a significant increase in the number of racial harassment cases on college and university campuses. Delucchi et al (1996) published a study on the repercussions of one such case in the College Student Journal. In a University of California dorm room, a white student physically assaulted a Vietnamese-American student. The assault was so aggressive that the victim required extensive medical attention. His attacker was booked by the police but released the next day. As for the student, both the incident and outcome upset him so much that he went to the Asian Student Coalition (ASC) for support. With the support of the ASC, the student approached the Dean of Students stating that the attack was racially charged, and that he had been the victim of a racial attack. The Dean, however, would only go as far as characterizing this incident as an "unfortunate act of violence," and was clear that the administration would not be investigating the matter further. Meanwhile, the attacker continued to harass the victim using threatening language that intimidated the student to the point that he had to employ a buddysystem for safety. The editorial section of the school newspaper after this incident became public, was filled with staunch political statements that the harassment of Asian-Americans was justified by their economic success as a minority group. One segment went as far as stating that Asian-Americans should not be perceived as disadvantaged because they were economically equivalent to whites. The consensus among editorials was that Asian-Americans should accept the treatment they faced because they did not qualify as a minority group.

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Behind the Model‐Minority Stereotype: Voices of High‐ and Low‐Achieving Asian American Students

Cited by 238 publications

References 4 publications

Socioeconomic Stress and Academic Adjustment Among Asian American Adolescents: The Protective Role of Family Obligation

Socioeconomic Stress and Academic Adjustment Among Asian American Adolescents: The Protective Role of Family Obligation

Do birds of a feather flock together? The variable bases for African American, Asian American, and European American adolescents' selection of similar friends.

Diversity within Asian Americans: Barriers to the Public Discussion of Discrimination

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