Behavioural Genetics of Childhood Disorders

Freitag, Christine M.; Asherson, Philip

doi:10.1007/7854_2011_178

Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences

2011

DOI: 10.1007/7854_2011_178

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Behavioural Genetics of Childhood Disorders

Christine M. Freitag

Philip Asherson²

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Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…4 Estimates for childhood-onset and childhood-measured phenotypes are equally high. Both attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have heritability estimates ranging from 60% to 90%, 5 while estimates for parent-reported childhood anxiety and depressive symptoms average around 40%. 6,7 Further, twin studies have been used to show that stability and comorbidity among childhood and adolescent psychopathology traits are largely genetically mediated.…”

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confidence: 99%

Systematic Review: Molecular Studies of Common Genetic Variation in Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Disorders

Akingbuwa

Hammerschlag

Bartels

et al. 2022

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psych

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Objective: A systematic review of studies using molecular genetics and statistical approaches to investigate the role of common genetic variation in the development, persistence, and comorbidity of childhood psychiatric traits was conducted. Method: A literature review was performed using the PubMed database, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Meta-Analyses guidelines. There were 131 studies meeting inclusion criteria, having investigated at least one type of childhood-onset or childhood-measured psychiatric disorder or trait with the aim of identifying trait-associated common genetic variants, estimating the contribution of single nucleotide polymorphisms to the amount of variance explained (single nucleotide polymorphism heritability), investigating genetic overlap between psychiatric traits, or investigating whether the stability in traits or the association with adult traits is explained by genetic factors. Results: The first robustly associated genetic variants have started to be identified for childhood psychiatric traits. There were substantial contributions of common genetic variants to many traits, with variation in single nucleotide polymorphism heritability estimates depending on age and raters. Moreover, genetic variants also appeared to explain comorbidity as well as stability across a range of psychiatric traits in childhood and across the life span. Conclusion: Common genetic variation plays a substantial role in childhood psychiatric traits. Increased sample sizes will lead to increased power to identify genetic variants and to understand genetic architecture, which will ultimately be beneficial to targeted and prevention strategies. This can be achieved by harmonizing phenotype measurements, as is already proposed by large international consortia and by including the collection of genetic material in every study.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Review: Molecular Studies of Common Genetic Variation in Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Disorders

Akingbuwa

Hammerschlag

Bartels

et al. 2022

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psych

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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ADHD and autism: differential diagnosis or overlapping traits? A selective review

Taurines

Schwenck

Westerwald

et al. 2012

ADHD Atten Def Hyp Disord

249

181

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According to DSM-IV TR and ICD-10, a diagnosis of autism or Asperger Syndrome precludes a diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, despite the different conceptualization, population-based twin studies reported symptom overlap, and a recent epidemiologically based study reported a high rate of ADHD in autism and autism spectrum disorders (ASD). In the planned revision of the DSM-IV TR, dsm5 (www.dsm5.org), the diagnoses of autistic disorder and ADHD will not be mutually exclusive any longer. This provides the basis of more differentiated studies on overlap and distinction between both disorders. This review presents data on comorbidity rates and symptom overlap and discusses common and disorder-specific risk factors, including recent proteomic studies. Neuropsychological findings in the areas of attention, reward processing, and social cognition are then compared between both disorders, as these cognitive abilities show overlapping as well as specific impairment for one of both disorders. In addition, selective brain imaging findings are reported. Therapeutic options are summarized, and new approaches are discussed. The review concludes with a prospectus on open questions for research and clinical practice.

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Cortisol levels in children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Isaksson

Nilsson

Nyberg

et al. 2012

Journal of Psychiatric Research

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Behavioural Genetics of Childhood Disorders

Cited by 5 publications

References 173 publications

Systematic Review: Molecular Studies of Common Genetic Variation in Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Disorders

Systematic Review: Molecular Studies of Common Genetic Variation in Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Disorders

ADHD and autism: differential diagnosis or overlapping traits? A selective review

Cortisol levels in children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

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