ADHD and autism: differential diagnosis or overlapping traits? A selective review

Taurines, Regina; Schwenck, Christina; Westerwald, Eva; Sachse, Michael Max; Siniatchkin, Michael; Freitag, Christine M.

doi:10.1007/s12402-012-0086-2

Cited by 249 publications

(197 citation statements)

References 236 publications

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“…Similarly, studies on maternal autoimmune disorders during pregnancy have reported different associated disorders (psoriasis with ASD; thyroid antibodies with ADHD) [361]. Group B streptococcus (GBS) is the most frequent commensal bacterium colonizing or infecting pregnant women.…”

Section: Prenatal Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Genetic and Epigenetic Basis Involved in the Pathophysiology of ASD: Therapeutic Implications

Carrascosa-Romero¹,

Cabo²

2017

Autism - Paradigms, Recent Research and Clinical Applications

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The prevalence of autism has increased in an exponential way in the past few years. Many monogenetic mutations as well as copy number variants and single nucleotide polymorphisms have been associated with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), a large proportion of which occur in genes associated with synaptogenesis and synaptic function. However, the increase in appearance of genetic alterations does not explain the etiology of an elevated number of ASD cases. Recent research is now focusing on the role of environmental/epigenetic factors, which by themselves and/or in combination with classical genetic factors, may be the root cause of a large number of ASDs. In this chapter we review the current literature regarding the epigenetic changes involved in ASD, including their possible mechanisms of action such as oxidative stress, altered fatty acid metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction, DNA methylation and histone methylation (via the one-carbon metabolism cycle), histone variants, and ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling. We discuss possible new biochemical markers related to autism as well as new lines of research for therapeutic targets.

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Section: Prenatal Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Genetic and Epigenetic Basis Involved in the Pathophysiology of ASD: Therapeutic Implications

Carrascosa-Romero¹,

Cabo²

2017

Autism - Paradigms, Recent Research and Clinical Applications

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“…The Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) is used extensively in clinical environments to evaluate severity of autism based on observation of children in autism [27][28][29] . A pediatricians usually perform a preliminary analysis by taking the developmental record and physically examining the child.…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Autismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If warranted, evaluations and diagnosis are conducted with assist from autism specialists, observing and assessing communication, cognitive and family. Differential identification for autism at this phase might also consider mental retardation, hearing impairment, and specific language impairment 27 .…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Autismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2016

IJPSR

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ABSTRACT:Autism is an early-onset neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties in social interaction and communication, and the repetitive interests or restricted interests and behaviors. Approximately 67 million people are affected by autism around the world. Autism has increased to epidemic proportions, affecting four times as many males and females. The exact etiology of autism remains largely unidentified; however, literature has emerged to propose the genetic, neurological, environmental and immunological contributions play critical roles in the enlargement of autism. Autism is well known as a complex developmental disorder with a seemingly confusing and uncertain pathogenesis. The serotonin, dopamine, glutamate, GABA, cytokinin thought to contribute to the pathophysiology of autism. These areas of research have contributed to the development of a number of medications currently in use for interfering symptoms, and may guide the future development of novel agents. This review will cover the understanding on the clinical sign and symptoms, its causes, diagnosis, pathophysiology and neuronal circuits involved in autism.

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“…However, it is not uncommon to have overlapping symptoms of ADHD and ASD in one child, such as deficits in attention, behavioral problems and social difficulties and several studies demonstrated that about 20% -50% of children with ADHD meet the diagnostic criteria for ASD and about 30% -80% of children with ASD meet the diagnostic criteria for ADHD (Mattila et al, 2010;Rommelse, Franke, Geurts, Hartman, & Buitelaar, 2010). There have been debates, over the last decade about overlapping symptoms and comorbidity of ASD and ADHD (Ames & White, 2011;Gargaro, Rinehart, Bradshaw, Tonge, & Sheppard, 2011;Reiersen & Todd, 2008;Ronald, Simonoff, Kuntsi, Asherson, & Plomin, 2008;Taurines et al, 2012), leading to acceptance of dual diagnosis of ASD and ADHD in DSM-5 (APA, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropsychological Performance of Egyptian Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Elsheikh¹,

Kuusikko‐Gauffin²,

Loukusa³

et al. 2017

PSYCH

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This study examined the neuropsychological functioning in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and comorbid ASD and ADHD (ASD + ADHD), using five domains of the Developmental Neuropsychological Assessment (NEPSY): Attention and Executive Functions, Language, Visuospatial Processing, Sensorimotor Functions, and Memory and Learning. The participants were 6-to 12-year-old Egyptian children with ASD (n = 17), ASD + ADHD (n = 15), ADHD (n = 37), and typical development (TD; n = 29). TD children scored highest on the NEPSY domains, then children with ADHD, followed by children with ASD and ASD + ADHD. Children with ASD or ASD + ADHD performed significantly poorer than TD children on all NEPSY domains. Children with ADHD exhibited significantly poorer performance than TD children on NEPSY domains of Attention and Executive Function, Language, and Memory and Learning. Also, both ASD and ASD + ADHD groups scored significantly lower than ADHD group on all other NEPSY domains except Visuospatial Processing. There were no significant differences between ASD and ASD + ADHD groups on NEPSY. Compared to TD children, our results suggest that ADHD symptoms in children with ASD may worsen the ability to plan, hand motor coordination, and memorizing names. Nevertheless, the presence of ADHD symptoms may mitigate the difficulties that children with ASD exhibit in other neuropsychological areas, such as verbal fluency, hand praxis, finger gnosis, How to cite this paper: Elsheikh, S., Kuusikko-Gauffin, S., Loukusa, S., Omar, M., Riad, G.

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ADHD and autism: differential diagnosis or overlapping traits? A selective review

Cited by 249 publications

References 236 publications

The Genetic and Epigenetic Basis Involved in the Pathophysiology of ASD: Therapeutic Implications

The Genetic and Epigenetic Basis Involved in the Pathophysiology of ASD: Therapeutic Implications

Untitled

Neuropsychological Performance of Egyptian Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

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