Behaviour of Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood (Diptera: Glossinidae) on waterbuck Kobus defassa Ruppel and feeding membranes smeared with waterbuck sebum indicates the presence of allomones

Identification of non-host semiochemicals for the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (Acari: Ixodidae), from tick-resistant beagles, Canis lupus familiaris

“…To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating the presence of natural repellents mediating the behaviour of ticks in resistant animals. These results are similar to those observed in other interactions that have demonstrated the presence of natural repellents in certain hosts, such as in the waterbuck K. defassa in relation to Glossina morsitans (Diptera: Glossinidae) (Gikonyo et al, 2000;Saini et al, 2013); cattle in relation to Haematobia irritans (Diptera: Muscidae) Jensen et al, 2004); salmon in relation to Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Caligidae: Copepoda) (Bailey et al, 2006;Mordue and Birkett, 2009) Repellency was deemed to exist if the number of ticks on the untreated side of the Petri dish was higher than the number on the control side, according to the chi-square test. * Significant (p < 0.05).…”

“…The odour of six adult dogs of both sexes (three English cocker spaniels and three beagles) was collected using a modification of the technique described by Gikonyo et al (2000). During the collections the animals were kept in isolation in individual kennels.…”

Chemical Ecology of Animal and Human Pathogen Vectors in a Changing Global Climate

“…from host breath and urine (see above), more recent studies have focused on feeding preferences, including the existence of non-host allomones produced by the non-preferred host waterbuck, K. defassa (Gikonyo et al 2000). Analysis of the odor composition of preferred (buffalo, Syncerus caffer, and ox, Bos indicus) and non-preferred (K. defassa) species, and electrophysiological studies, have shown that the odors of the two preferred hosts are comparable.…”

Olfaction in vector-host interactions

“…Gikonyo et al (2000) compared the responses of tsetse to waterbuck and oxen. Single flies were placed in a cage, which was then applied to a live host, or a feeding membrane treated with secretions from the host's coat.…”