Behaviour and radiological significance of tritium from nuclear power plants and other sources in the rhine river basin

Study of the comparative dynamics of the incorporation of tissue free-water tritium (TFWT) in bulrushes (Typha latifolia) and carp (Cyprinus carpio) in the Almaraz nuclear power plant cooling reservoir

“…Temporal evolution of the tritium activity in surface water, and in tissue freewater samples (TFWT) of carp (Cyprinus carpio) and bulrushes (Typha latifolia). (Mundschenk and Krause, 1991), and 17 Bq/L in the Moselle (Mundschenk, 1996). In both cases, these are values corresponding to flowing river water, not to cooling reservoirs such as the present case in which the water is partially isolated for a certain times of the year.…”

The tritium, deuterium and oxygen-18 isotope levels determination in various waters in Rize and Trabzon

“…Tritium analysis has been useful in many areas such as hydrogeology [23][24][25], nuclear industry monitoring [26,27], and for estimating the groundwater residence time [28,29] as it is directly incorporated into water molecule. Since the mid-eighties the tritium values in rain water have been 10 TU in the northern hemisphere [30], except for some local anthropogenic releases of tritium from the nuclear industry and other uses of tritiated materials.…”

Environmental Tritium (3H) and hydrochemical investigations to evaluate groundwater in Varahi and Markandeya river basins, Karnataka, India

“…Application of tritium to hydrologic problems was first proposed by Libby (Libby, 1953;Bergmann and Libby, 1957). Tritium analysis has been useful in many areas such as hydrogeology (Lloyd, 1981;Lehmann et al, 1993;Sanchez-Cabeza and Pujol, 1999), nuclear industry monitoring (Mundschenk and Krause, 1991;Castellano and Dick, 1993), dosimetry and healthrisk assessment (Okada and Momoshima, 1993;Murphy, 1993), and some special topics such as false labeling of alcoholic beverages (Schönhofer, 1992) and for estimating the groundwater residence time (Fontes, 1983;Yurstsever, 1983) as it is directly incorporated into water molecule. In the present study, an attempt has been made for first time to estimate tritium ( 3 H) in the groundwater samples from Varahi and Markandeya river basins, using low background liquid scintillation counting system (Wallac Quantulus 1220) to see whether the aquifer in the study area is getting modern recharge or not.…”