Behavioral Techniques for Decreasing Aberrant Behaviors of Retarded and Autistic Persons

Johnson, Willard L.; Baumeister, Alfred A.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-535612-1.50008-8

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 135 publications

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“…Cumulative records of within-session responding, which showed the typical wave-like pattern of the extinction curves obtained in basic studies, suggested that the reduction in SIB was due to an extinction effect. Many texts and articles simply describe extinction as an extremely gradual reduction in behavior (e.g., W. Johnson & Baumeister, 1981;Miron, 1973;Romanczyk, Kistner, & Plienis, 1982) and recommend that extinction not be used as the sole intervention if rapid treatment effects are desired (e.g., Favell et al, 1982;R. D. Horner & Barton, 1980;Muttar, Peck, Whitlow, & Fraser, 1975).…”

Section: Applied Research and Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Procedural variations of extinction that are not matched to behavioral function (e.g., ignoring behavior that is not maintained by attention) are generally ineffective in reducing maladaptive behavior, whereas properly designed extinction procedures can produce robust treatment effects (Iwata, Pace, Cowdery, & Miltenberger, 1994;Repp, Felce, & Barton, 1988). Admonitions against the use of extinction, still commonly found in some textbooks and articles on the treatment of problem behavior (e.g., La-Vigna & Donnellan, 1986), may be based on the results of incorrect applications of extinction that occurred in early applied work (for reviews of this literature, see Ducharme & Van Houten, 1994;W. Johnson & Baumeister, 1981).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Developing a Technology for the Use of Operant Extinction in Clinical Settings: An Examination of Basic and Applied Research

Lerman

Iwata

1996

J of App Behav Analysis

188

124

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Extinction of operant behavior, which involves terminating the reinforcement contingency that maintains a response, is important to the development, generalization, and reduction of behavior in clinical settings. We review basic and applied research findings on variables that influence the direct and indirect effects of extinction and discuss the potential value of a general technology for the use of extinction. We suggest that current research findings are not sufficient for the development of a comprehensive, applied technology of extinction and provide extensive guidelines for further studies on factors that may affect the course of extinction in clinical settings.DESCRIPTORS: extinction, behavior disorders, reinforcementExtinction of operant behavior involves terminating the reinforcement contingency that maintains a response, which results in a reduction in the behavior's occurrence over time. 1 Results of basic research (e.g., Ferster & Skinner, 1957;Skinner, 1938) have revealed much about its direct and indirect effects, including a number of variables that influence the general course of responding during extinction. These findings have important implications for the use of extinction in applied settings, in which behavior is ofWe thank Marc Branch, Timothy Hackenberg, Cecil Mercer, and Betty Capaldi for their helpful comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript.Reprints may be obtained from

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Section: Applied Research and Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing a Technology for the Use of Operant Extinction in Clinical Settings: An Examination of Basic and Applied Research

Lerman

Iwata

1996

J of App Behav Analysis

188

124

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“…There is also concern that many of the studies reporting overcorrection procedures contain serious methodological flaws in that they have failed to demonstrate functional control of the overcorrection procedure over behavior (Marholin et al, 1980;Murphy, 1978). Finally, overcorrection interventions often require more staff time and effort than other behavior reduction procedures and there are conflicting results regarding staffattitudes towards overcorrection (Axelrod et al, 1978;Johnson & Baumeister, 1981).…”

Section: Overcorrection Reviewedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overcorrection: Reviewed, Revisited and Revised

MacKenzie-Keating

McDonald

1990

BEHAV ANALYST

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Overcorrection is a widely used behavior management procedure, the success of which has been well documented. However, overcorrection is not a simple, single procedure. Rather, it is a complex combination of procedures that often make it a complicated strategy to understand conceptually and to implement correctly. The complex nature of overcorrection combined with the use of multiple labels has created much confusion and debate among both researchers and practitioners. A number of issues relating to overcorrection are examined and evaluated. A proposal is made for revising the present overcorrection terminology. Finally, directions for future research are suggested.

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“…On the other hand, positive practice overcorrection, which is very effective towards sensory behaviors (e.g., Azrin, Kaplan, & Foxx, 1973;Foxx & Martin, 1975;Schroeder & Schroeder, 1981) and particularly effective towards the head banging (Azrin, Gottlieb, Hugart, Wesolowski, & Rahn, 1975;Webster & Azrin, 1973) described in this vignette, received less than a third of the selections it received in each of the other vignettes. However, required relaxation, which is a form of positive practice overcorrection and was directed towards the general state of agitation (Johnson & Baumeister, 1981), received a high number of selections (37 choices compared to 12 for the AS vignette). Beyond that, irrelevant strategies to the function depicted in this vignette, like functional communication training (Carr & Durand, 1985) and social extinction, were selected by 11 participants.…”

Section: Sensory Vignettementioning

confidence: 99%

Greek special educators' behavior analytic skills

Ντίνας

Asteriou‐Yerofoka²,

Yiannaros³

et al. 2007

Behavioral Interventions

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The present study examined the ability of 52 special teachers in determining the underlying function of challenging behaviors in children with developmental disabilities and in linking the identified function with relevant intervention. Participants were presented with three questionnaire vignettes describing behavior maintained by attention, task avoidance and sensory consequences. They were then asked to identify the likely causes of the behaviors from a table of three possible functions and to link them with relevant intervention from a pool of 11 forms of intervention. The results indicated that teachers can reliably identify the cause of the behavior but they are not yet able to link function with relevant intervention without the provision of adequate support. The implications for teachers' in-service training in the implementation of behavior analytic interventions are briefly discussed.

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Behavioral Techniques for Decreasing Aberrant Behaviors of Retarded and Autistic Persons

Cited by 11 publications

References 135 publications

Developing a Technology for the Use of Operant Extinction in Clinical Settings: An Examination of Basic and Applied Research

Developing a Technology for the Use of Operant Extinction in Clinical Settings: An Examination of Basic and Applied Research

Overcorrection: Reviewed, Revisited and Revised

Greek special educators' behavior analytic skills

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