Behavioral Model of Middle-Aged and Seniors for Bicycle Tourism

Abstract

This research centers on the behavioral tendency of the middle-aged and seniors in bicycle tourism at environmentally protected scenic areas and its relevant influence factors. The theory of planned behavior (TPB) is adopted as the basis of this study. The middle-aged and seniors are the subjects of this research. A questionnaire survey is conducted at environmentally protected national scenic areas in Taiwan. A total of 230 samples are drawn with a random sampling method, and 210 are valid. The findings indicate two things. First, when applying the TPB to different fields of the study, the level of predictability may vary. Another finding is that subjective norm shows a higher level of susceptibility to sport habit and predictability to behavioral intention than the other two constructs. With an empirical analysis, the study is able to provide middle-aged and senior participants and sport administration authorities with relevant suggestions for reference at the end of this paper.

Resident’s Perspective on Developing Community-Based Tourism – A Qualitative Study of Muen Ngoen Kong Community, Chiang Mai, Thailand

“…As CBT is an alternative means to enhance a significant level of local participation by allowing communities to control tourism projects, there are also other means to present wider opportunities for a participatory approach. In bicycle tourism, it is reviewed that the behavioral intentions of participants can be enhanced by having compassion, encouragement, and support of friends and family (Lin et al, 2020). Additionally, a study indicates that if a person put effort into an activity, a stronger feeling of involvement will be produced (Chen et al, 2020).…”

A Meaning-Aware Cultural Tourism Intelligent Navigation System Based on Anticipatory Calculation

“…Tourists can get the explanation and reason for the different "tastes" embodied in the same intangible cultural heritage display content by means of interactive behavior, enhancing their satisfaction and sense of identity. The deficiency of this study is that the TPB model is based on rational reasoning (Fishbein and Ajzen, 1975;Ajzen, 1985;Hsu, 2006), while the cognitive needs and emotional experience of tourists in cultural tourism are not only rational but also perceptual to a large extent (Lin et al, 2020). Therefore, emotional computing will become an important method to further improve the follow-up research in this paper.…”

“…Although TPB can predict the relationship between intention and behavior, there are inconsistencies in age group, education level, and income level. In addition, the influence of consumption habits and social customs on behavioral intention has also been verified (Lin et al, 2020). Due to the influence of subjective factors, different groups have different demands on the same exhibits.…”

Cycling Tourism Destination Development From Local Stakeholders’ Perspective

“…Regional cycling tourism development is based on the appropriate resource base of the region, authority commitment to cycling tourism development (having and implementing strategic documents), and stakeholder coordination, and is inevitably managed by the destination tourism authority (Slavić and Ivek, 2021), i.e., through the existence of clear guidelines and monitoring (Institute for Transport Studies, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 2019). A large number of available studies demonstrate the outside-in perspective, focusing on cycling tourism impacts, and cycling tourists' profile and behaviour (Marcussen, 2009;Lamont and Buultjens, 2011;Mrnjavac and Kovačić, i Erdoğan, 2020;Lin et al, 2020;Lőrincz, Banász i Csapó, 2020;Volker i Handy, 2021), a izostavlja perspektivu iznutra prema van, prespektivu dionika (za razliku od npr. Pavluković, Nikić i Stankov, 2020;Brščić, Lovrečić i Šugar, 2021), koja je slabo istražena, a ovaj rad teži premošćivanju tog jaza.…”

“…Vožnja biciklom smatra se zdravom (Celis-Morales et al, 2017;European Cyclists' Federation, 2018), a omogućava i održavanje distance uz istovremeno ispunjavanje minimalnih dnevnih potreba za fizičkom aktivnošću (WHO, 2021) prilikom boravka na otvorenom -pod uvjetom da to dostupne površine omogućavaju (Nurse i Dunning, 2020). Za razliku od brojnih negativnih učinaka na urbani način života, pandemija je otkrila i latentnu potražnju za kretanjem biciklom te je utjecala na rast udjela biciklističkog prijevoza u funkcio nalnom kretanju, kao i na poveća-2012; Chen and Chen, 2013;Lamont and Jenkins, 2013;Piket, Eijgelaar and Peeters, 2013;Weed et al, 2014;Gazzola et al, 2018;Soyalp, 2018;Di Giacobe, Di Ludovico and D'Ovidio, 2020;Kaya and Erdoğan, 2020;Lin et al, 2020;Lőrincz, Banász and Csapó, 2020;Volker and Handy, 2021), but omit to include the stakeholders' perspective (unlike, e.g. Pavluković, Nikić and Stankov, 2020;Brščić, Lovrečić and Šugar, 2021), which is a gap this paper seeks to bridge.…”