Behavioral Effects of Caffeine in Children

Rapoport, Judith L.

doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1983.01790220063010

Cited by 88 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…There seem to be only a few human intervention studies, meta-analysis and controlled trials investigating the effects of caffeine on psychological, behavioral, cognitive functions and sleep of children and adolescents [331][332][333][334][335][336][337][338][339][340][341][342]. In an earlier study by Rapoport et al [333], daily caffeine consumption was investigated for two weeks in relation to self-reported anxiety, parents/teachers' ratings of children's behavior and side effects in pre-pubertal children.…”

Section: Potential Adverse Effects Of Caffeine On Mood Behavior Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caffeine Consumption through Coffee: Content in the Beverage, Metabolism, Health Benefits and Risks

2019

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Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) is the most consumed psychoactive substance in the world, acting by means of antagonism to adenosine receptors, mainly A1 and A2A. Coffee is the main natural source of the alkaloid which is quite soluble and well extracted during the brew’s preparation. After consumption, caffeine is almost completely absorbed and extensively metabolized in the liver by phase I (cytochrome P450) enzymes, mainly CYP1A2, which appears to be polymorphically distributed in human populations. Paraxanthine is the major caffeine metabolite in plasma, while methylated xanthines and methyluric acids are the main metabolites excreted in urine. In addition to stimulating the central nervous system, caffeine exerts positive effects in the body, often in association with other substances, contributing to prevention of several chronic diseases. The potential adverse effects of caffeine have also been extensively studied in animal species and in humans. These aspects will be approached in the present review.

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Section: Potential Adverse Effects Of Caffeine On Mood Behavior Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caffeine Consumption through Coffee: Content in the Beverage, Metabolism, Health Benefits and Risks

2019

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“…Caffeine and the xanthines in coffee have been associated with greater reactivity and timidity in rodents and in humans [8], but these effects are much clearer in studies with rodents, when much higher dosages are administered [9]. A few experimental studies of caffeine intake by school-aged children, usually from sources other than coffee, suggest that moderate levels (e.g., 3 mg / kg / day) have relatively minor effects, whereas larger amounts (e.g., 10 mg / kg / day) can result in increased restlessness, excitability, and inattention [10][11][12][13]. For a child weighing 30 kg, 10 / mg / kg / day would be equivalent to three cups of brewed coffee, or almost five cups of instant coffee.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of discontinuing coffee intake on iron deficient Guatemalan toddlers' cognitive development and sleep

Engle

VasDias

Howard³

et al. 1999

Early Human Development

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Coffee is commonly given daily to toddlers in Guatemala. Possible negative effects of coffee ingestion on cognitive development and sleep patterns were assessed in 132 children 12-24 months of age who had received coffee for . 2 months and were iron deficient on at least one indicator. Children were stratified by initial hemoglobin (A 5 anemic, Hgb , 10.5 g / dl; NA 5 'non-anemic', Hgb $ 10.5 g / dl) and were randomly assigned to an experimental group treatment on test scores or BRS ratings were found. In the 24 h period reported on at the final visit, children in the Substitute group slept more during the night and overall (night plus naps) than children in the Coffee group, a difference not found at the first visit. No differences were (S 5 substitute consisting of sugar and coloring), and a control group (C 5 continuation of coffee) (42 C-NA; 53 S-NA; 18 C-A; and 19 S-A). Anemic children were provided Fe supplements for 2-3 months. Compliance was assessed every 2 weeks. After 5 months, testers masked to treatment group and anemia evaluated children with the Bayley Scales of Infant Development II in a central location. Scores were the Mental Development Index (MDI), the Psychomotor Development Index (PDI), and scales from the Behavior Rating Scale (BRS). The child's sleep in the previous 24 h was assessed with a set of standardized sleep questions to the care giver on the first visit and every 2 weeks thereafter. No significant effects of found in sleep difficulty or number of times waking at night. Women's reported coffee intake per day during pregnancy was associated with lower BRS ratings, even after controlling for SES and child age. The effects of postnatal coffee ingestion in Guatemala were seen for sleep duration, but not for cognitive development. Prenatal coffee ingestion was negatively associated with Behavior Rating Scales and should be investigated further.

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“…There is limited data that investigates the effects of caffeine in children. Most of the studies that have reported the effects of caffeine in children report behavioral outcomes (3,7,10,17,29,37,38,39). Only two studies have combined aerobic exercise with caffeine administration in children.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Caffeine on Physiological Responses to Exercise: Boys versus Men

Turley

DeSisso²,

Gerst³

2007

Pediatric Exercise Science

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We compared the influence of caffeine on physiological responses to exercise between boys and men. Fifty-two participants (26 boys and 26 men) participated in a double blind, randomized, double crossover study. Each participant received the caffeinated (5 mg/kg) drink (CAF) and placebo (PL) twice each on 4 separate days. One hour after drink consumption preexercise heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) were measured. Then while the participants rode stationary cycle ergometers at two different exercise intensities, HR, BP, and oxygen consumption (VO2) were measured. Blood pressure was not significantly affected by CAF, although on average it was always higher in boys for diastolic BP (3 mmHg) and systolic BP (3-4 mmHg) and men for diastolic BP (2-3 mmHg) and systolic BP (1-6 mmHg) both at rest and during exercise. HR was significantly (p < .05) lower at rest, 25W and 50W in CAF versus PL in boys, with no change in adults. During exercise, VO2 and respiratory exchange ratio (RER) were not different in CAF versus PL in either group. In conclusion, metabolism is not affected by a moderate caffeine dose in children or adults. The same dose has a similar effect on BP in both groups. The effect on HR was different, however, with a significant (p < .05) lowering in children in CAF versus PL, with no adult effects.

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Behavioral Effects of Caffeine in Children

Cited by 88 publications

References 26 publications

Caffeine Consumption through Coffee: Content in the Beverage, Metabolism, Health Benefits and Risks

Caffeine Consumption through Coffee: Content in the Beverage, Metabolism, Health Benefits and Risks

Effects of discontinuing coffee intake on iron deficient Guatemalan toddlers' cognitive development and sleep

Effects of Caffeine on Physiological Responses to Exercise: Boys versus Men

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