Behavioral Economic Laboratory Research in Tobacco Regulatory Science

Tidey, Jennifer W.; Cassidy, Rachel N.; Miller, Mollie E.; Smith, Tracy T.

doi:10.18001/trs.2.4.13

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 65 publications

(84 reference statements)

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“…Cross-price elasticity studies traditionally examine substitution with conventional cigarettes and one or 2 alternative products. 20 These studies provide evidence that a product is, or is not, a viable substitute, however we believe the ETM will provide more accurate substitution estimates because purchases are made in a context where the breadth of products more closely mirrors the real world. Furthermore, while most behavioral economic studies have been conducted in a laboratory setting, the current study demonstrates the feasibility of implementing the ETM in an online format.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Method for Evaluating the Acceptability of Substitutes for Cigarettes: The Experimental Tobacco Marketplace

et al. 2017

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Objectives: The current study tests the substitutability of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), electronic cigarettes (ECs), and very low nicotine cigarettes (VLNCs) in the context of an online experimental tobacco marketplace (ETM) that was designed to mimic the choices of smokers under 4 policy scenarios. Methods: Dutch cigarette smokers (N = 840) completed an online survey in July 2015. The ETM was comprised of conventional cigarettes, VLNCs, ECs (disposable/cartridge/tank systems), and NRT (lozenges/patches/tabs). All participants completed a scenario in which conventional cigarettes were banned. To test additional policy scenarios participants were randomized to one of 3 experiments: 1) no VLNCs, 2) all products available, or 3) no ECs. Hypothetical weekly purchases were made when the cost for conventional cigarettes was ½ market price (MP), MP, 2x MP, and 4x MP. Substitutability was measured by the change in estimated consumption as cigarette prices increased. Results: Tank and cartridge ECs and VLNCs were stronger cigarette substitutes than disposable ECs and NRT products. Substitution of ECs and NRT for cigarettes was dampened when VLNCs were available. Conclusions: The ETM offers a method to predict how smokers might respond to policies that alter the availability of potentially substitutable products available in the marketplace.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Method for Evaluating the Acceptability of Substitutes for Cigarettes: The Experimental Tobacco Marketplace

et al. 2017

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“…Despite growing multidisciplinary research interest, few studies have examined e-cigarettes from the perspective of behavioral economic demand, a collection of methods and measures that experimentally quantify the relationship between purchasing or consumption of a commodity and its price (for review, see Hursh & Roma, 2013). Applied to tobacco regulatory science, assessment of behavioral economic demand provides indices of tobacco product valuation and, hence, abuse liability; in addition, these methods may be used to predict effects of policy-related price regulation of existing and emerging products (Bickel et al, 2017; Tidey, Cassidy, Miller, & Smith, 2016).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cigarette and e-liquid demand and substitution in e-cigarette-naïve smokers.

Stein

Koffarnus

Stepanov

et al. 2018

Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology

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Behavioral economic methods allow experimental manipulation of price and examination of its effects on tobacco product purchasing. These methods may be used to examine tobacco product abuse liability and to prospectively model possible effects of price regulation. In the present study, we examined multiple measures of behavioral economic demand for cigarettes and e-liquid for use in a second-generation electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) in e-cigarette-naïve cigarette smokers. Twenty-five smokers received an e-cigarette (eGo ONE CT), sampled study e-liquid (24 mg/mL nicotine), and completed recurring sessions in which they used an experimental income to purchase real-world supplies of cigarettes and/or e-liquid. Participants also completed self-report measures of drug effects/liking. When products were available alone, we observed lower demand for e-liquid than for cigarettes. This effect was magnified when cigarettes and e-liquid were available concurrently. In additional assessments, e-liquid served as a partial substitute for cigarettes, but cigarettes did not serve as a substitute for e-liquid. Finally, participants rated e-liquid more poorly than cigarettes on several dimensions of drug effects/liking (any effects, liking, desire, and probability of continued use). We conclude that e-cigarette-naïve smokers value cigarettes more highly than e-liquid across multiple contexts and measurements. Nonetheless, participants still valued e-liquid positively and purchased it frequently, both as a substitute for cigarettes and independently of cigarettes. To understand the variables that influence transitions from exclusive smoking to either dual cigarette/e-cigarette use or exclusive e-cigarette use, future work should systematically examine the role of duration of e-liquid exposure. (PsycINFO Database Record

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“…5 Behavioral economics is one framework for understanding the behavioral motivations and tendencies toward drugs such as nicotine. 7,8 Indeed, a number of studies have evaluated nicotine reductions using this framework. 5,9,10 Importantly, in recent years, behavioral economics has been expanded to experimentally investigate purchasing decisions mimicking a real tobacco marketplace.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Reduced-Nicotine Cigarettes Across Regulatory Environments in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace: A Randomized Trial

Kaplan

Koffarnus

Franck

et al. 2020

Nicotine &Amp; Tobacco Research

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Introduction Cigarette smoking remains the leading preventable cause of death in the United States. Recent efforts have explored the potential health and policy benefits of reducing nicotine, an addictive component, in combustible cigarettes. To date, an experimental, prospective analysis directly comparing the effects of varying regulatory environments on purchases of multiple products has yet to be conducted. The present study compared real purchasing of conventional cigarettes, reduced-nicotine cigarettes, and a variety of other nicotine and tobacco products across a range of regulatory environments. Methods Participants were assigned to one of five groups, each associated with a different nicotine level (mg of nicotine to g of tobacco) in SPECTRUM investigational cigarettes (15.8mg/g, 5.2mg/g, 2.4mg/g, 1.3mg/g, and 0.4mg/g). Across sessions, participants made real purchases for nicotine/tobacco products in an Experimental Tobacco Marketplace. Each session corresponded with a distinct regulatory environment wherein different nicotine/tobacco products were available for purchase. Results Our results suggest that the primary drivers of cigarette and nicotine purchasing are regulatory environment and the presence/absence of alternative nicotine and tobacco products. Perhaps surprisingly, nicotine level does not appear to be such a driver of purchasing behavior under these experimental conditions. Investigational cigarette purchasing is lowest when other preferred combustible products are available and highest when investigational cigarettes are the only combustible product available for purchase. Conclusions If a reduced-nicotine policy is implemented, great care should be taken in determining and making available less harmful nicotine/tobacco products as the availability of preferred combustible products may result in undesirable levels of purchasing. Implications This is the first experimental study investigating different potential regulatory effects related to a reduced-nicotine policy by examining purchasing across a range of nicotine/tobacco products. Our results suggest the presence of affordable, highly preferred combustible products is likely to maintain tobacco purchasing at undesirable levels. To promote switching to less harmful products, affordable alternate nicotine and tobacco products should be readily available. Finally, our results suggest availability of noncigarette products, not cigarette nicotine level, will most likely affect purchasing of reduced-nicotine cigarettes.

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Behavioral Economic Laboratory Research in Tobacco Regulatory Science

Cited by 21 publications

References 65 publications

A Novel Method for Evaluating the Acceptability of Substitutes for Cigarettes: The Experimental Tobacco Marketplace

A Novel Method for Evaluating the Acceptability of Substitutes for Cigarettes: The Experimental Tobacco Marketplace

Cigarette and e-liquid demand and substitution in e-cigarette-naïve smokers.

Effects of Reduced-Nicotine Cigarettes Across Regulatory Environments in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace: A Randomized Trial

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