Behavioral Contributions to Acquisition of Gonorrhea in Patients Attending an Inner City Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic

Upchurch, Dawn M.; Brady, William E.; Reichart, Cindy A.; Hook, Edward W.

doi:10.1093/infdis/161.5.938

Cited by 59 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…12 In the case of gonorrhoea, patients often deny having sex while symptomatic. 40 If this is also true of HSV-2 then suppressing symptoms without preventing transmissible levels of viral shedding could increase the transmission of infection. Evidence that the reduced shedding of detectable virus will reduce the transmission probability would be reassuring.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of antiviral treatment and prophylaxis is unlikely to have a major impact on the prevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2

White

Garnett

1999

Sexually Transmitted Infections

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Use of antiviral treatment and prophylaxis is unlikely to have a major impact on the prevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 P J White, G P Garnett Background: Genital infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV) is common and can cause severe morbidity, over many years in some cases. Aciclovir provides suppressive therapy but there is debate over the eVects of its use on the spread of infection. Objectives: To explore the influence of the natural history of genital HSV and the impact of antiviral therapy. Methods: A simple mathematical model of HSV-2 transmission dynamics was developed, and parameter values estimated from published data. Results: The relative durations of the risk of transmitting HSV-2 and the duration of therapy generate a non-linear relation between the duration of antiviral therapy and the reduction in prevalenceof infection. If there is a wide distribution of risk of HSV-2 transmission over the course of an infection then practicable aciclovir use is unlikely to have any great impact on disease transmission dynamics. Conclusions: There are still many uncertainties in the transmission dynamics of HSV-2. In particular, infectiousness over the course of an infection requires more detailed exploration. To have a significant impact on the prevalence of HSV-2 aciclovir use would have to be widespread and for a long duration. (Sex Transm Inf 1999;75:49-54)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of antiviral treatment and prophylaxis is unlikely to have a major impact on the prevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2

White

Garnett

1999

Sexually Transmitted Infections

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“…"correct" and "incorrect" users of condoms: the estimated OR were respectively 0.2 (95% CI, 0-1-0.6) and 09 (95% CI 0-5-1.7) in comparison with non-users.38 Another analysed the effect of condoms considering males and females together; no protective effect emerged. 37 The diaphragm protects women against gonococcal infection. Rosenberg et al found a 70% lower rate of infection for diaphragm users in comparison with no method of contraception, and a 50% lower risk for diaphragm and sponge users in comparison with condom users.35 A protective effect of the diaphragm was also reported in a study conducted on prostitutes in Singapore.42 Two studies that did not separate the effects of diaphragm, condom or foam on the risk of STD infection showed reduced OR.…”

Section: Barrier Methods Of Contraceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the only subgroup showing no protection for condoms against gonorrhoea was related to repeated episodes in a study that shows protection for single episodes. 37 It is likely that the lack of protection is restricted to subjects who did not use condoms correctly. Whenever results are presented for "correct" vs "incorrect" or for "always" vs "not always" BMC users, good compliers appear more protected than poor compliers.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barrier methods of contraception, spermicides, and sexually transmitted diseases: a review.

Doro

Parazzini

Naldi

et al. 1994

Sexually Transmitted Infections

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“…Treatment should be initiated as soon as possible after a diagnosis has been made, because incomplete treatment or delays in therapy in this group of patients increases the likelihood of complications and transmission of the infection to others (3). Although the possibility of transmission by symptomatic infected patients to their partners is clearly unknown, several studies have shown that up to one third of patients with symptomatic urethritis continue sexual activity in the interval between the onset of symptoms and their presentation for diagnosis and therapy (4, 5). Therefore, developing a better understanding of health care seeking behaviors of patients with urethritis might provide important information which can assist in the development of new interventions and preventive measures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Where Do Patients Go for Treatment of Urethritis?

Hoşcan¹,

Tunçkıran²,

Oksay³

et al. 2014

Nephro Urol Mon

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Background:Urethritis is characterized by urethral inflammation, and it can result from both infectious and noninfectious conditions. Physicians and other health care providers play a critical role in preventing and treating urethritis.Objectives:The aim of this study was to describe and identify predictors of health care seeking behavior among men with urethritis.Patients and Methods:In total, 98 male patients aged between 16 to 52 years-of-age (mean 30.9 ± 8.0 years), who attended our clinic with symptoms of urethritis, were included in the study. We conducted face-to-face interviews with the patients using a 9-item survey questionnaire. Patients were divided into three groups according to their level of education as follows: group I (n = 44), elementary school; group II (n = 38), high school; and group III (n = 16), university.Results:Among the 98 patients evaluated, the source of treatment was physicians in 44 patients (44.9%), drugstores in 38 cases (38.77%), and friends in 16 patients (16.32%). There was a statistically significant difference found between the groups according to the source of treatment (P < 0.001). The most common factors associated with seeking care from other sources, rather than physicians, were economic reasons in 19 patients (35.18%), confidentiality concerns in 24 (44.4%), and ease of access in 11 patients (20.37%).Conclusions:A substantial proportion of patients with urethritis sought help from other sources, rather than physicians. The results of our study show that the patients with higher levels of education were more likely to seek help from health care services. It is important to promote the public’s knowledge through informative studies and educational materials in order to encourage patients to seek rapid and effective treatment from proper sources.

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Behavioral Contributions to Acquisition of Gonorrhea in Patients Attending an Inner City Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic

Cited by 59 publications

References 13 publications

Use of antiviral treatment and prophylaxis is unlikely to have a major impact on the prevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2

Use of antiviral treatment and prophylaxis is unlikely to have a major impact on the prevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2

Barrier methods of contraception, spermicides, and sexually transmitted diseases: a review.

Where Do Patients Go for Treatment of Urethritis?

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