Behavioral assessment of sodium arsanilate induced vestibular dysfunction in rats

Horn, Kris M.; DeWitt, John R.; Nielson, Harold C.

doi:10.3758/bf03326998

Cited by 54 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…We noted a similar failure of this "landing" posture in TTX-treated rats during assessments made when transferring rats to and from their home cages. The profile of behavioral changes we observed following bilateral transtympanic injection TTX was consistent with that reported following sodium arsanilate administration or surgical labyrinthectomy Wu, 1936, 1937;Horn et al, 1981;Chen et al, 1986;Hunt et al, 1987;Shoham et al, 1989;Stackman and Taube, 1997). Finally, all rats appeared to fully recover vestibular function, as assessed by the contact-righting test and from our observations of their behavior.…”

Section: Vestibular Functionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Injections were made using a 25-μl Hamilton syringe. TTX produces a near immediate, but transient, abolition of neural activity within cranial nerve VIII (Beitz et al, 1995), and behavioral changes commensurate with those observed following bilateral labyrinthectomies or transtympanic injection of the vestibular toxin, sodium arsanilate (i.e., head dorsiflexion, a failure of contactrighting, flattened posture with forelimbs and hindlimbs abducted, increased tendency to locomote backwards, and hyperreactivity to handling; Horn et al, 1981;Hunt et al, 1987;Kaufman et al, 1992). The transtympanic TTX injection procedure was also used to examine the anatomical and electrophysiological effects in the cochlear nucleus following VIIIth cranial nerve blockade in the chick (Canady and Rubel, 1992) and gerbil (Pasic and Rubel, 1989).…”

Section: Inactivation Of the Vestibular Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hippocampal spatial representations require vestibular input

2002

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The hippocampal formation is essential for forming declarative representations of the relationships among multiple stimuli. The rodent hippocampal formation, including the entorhinal cortex and subicular complex, is critical for spatial memory. Two classes of hippocampal neurons fire in relation to spatial features. Place cells collectively map spatial locations, with each cell firing only when the animal occupies that cell's "place field," a particular subregion of the larger environment. Head direction (HD) cells encode directional heading, with each HD cell firing when the rat's head is oriented in that cell's particular "preferred firing direction." Both landmarks and internal cues (e.g., vestibular, motor efference copy) influence place and HD cell activity. However, as is the case for navigation, landmarks are believed to exert greater influence over place and HD cell activity. Here we show that temporary inactivation of the vestibular system led to the disruption of location-specific firing in hippocampal place cells and direction-specific discharge of postsubicular HD cells, without altering motor function. Place and HD cell activity recovered over a time course similar to that of the restoration of vestibular function. These results indicate that vestibular signals provide an important influence over the expression of hippocampal spatial representations, and may explain the navigational deficits of humans with vestibular dysfunction.

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Section: Vestibular Functionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Inactivation Of the Vestibular Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hippocampal spatial representations require vestibular input

2002

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“…Animals postnatally exposed to hypergravity also showed disruption of behaviour in tasks that require normal vestibular functioning [4,5,9,31]. Swimming and air-righting are tasks that depend on correct peripheral vestibular information for normal performance [10,12,21,33]. Pharmacological studies have shown that the peripheral vestibular system is involved in swimming [10,14,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pharmacological studies have shown that the peripheral vestibular system is involved in swimming [10,14,25]. Furthermore, the swimming performance proves to be a sensitive index for measuring the degree of vestibular dysfunction, ranging from inability to swim or having problems to orientate in the water [12,16,29]. The air-righting reflex is highly dependent on proper otolithic function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered Behaviour in Hamsters Conceived and Born in Hypergravity

Sondag

Jong

Oosterveld

1997

Brain Research Bulletin

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“…Vestibular lesions were induced by bilateral intratympanic administration of sodium arsanilate (30 mg /side) (Horn et al, 1981;Ossenkopp et al, 1990). Single-unit recordings of ATN HD cells demonstrated that sodium arsanilate disrupted the directional firing patterns of these neurons.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Firing Properties of Head Direction Cells in the Rat Anterior Thalamic Nucleus: Dependence on Vestibular Input

1997

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Vestibular information influences spatial orientation and navigation in laboratory animals and humans. Neurons within the rat anterior thalamus encode the directional heading of the animal in absolute space. These neurons, referred to as head direction (HD) cells, fire selectively when the rat points its head in a specific direction in the horizontal plane with respect to the external laboratory reference frame. HD cells are thought to represent an essential component of a neural network that processes allocentric spatial information. The functional properties of HD cells may be dependent on vestibular input. Here, anterior thalamic HD cells were recorded before and after sodium arsanilate-induced vestibular system lesion. Vestibular lesions abolished the directional firing properties of HD cells. The time course of disruption in the directional firing properties paralleled the loss of vestibular function. Arsanilate-treated rats exhibited only minor changes in locomotor behavior, which were unlikely to account for the loss of direction-specific firing. Vestibular lesions also disrupted the influence of angular head velocity on anterior thalamic single-unit firing rates. Finally, a subset of anterior thalamic neurons recorded from vestibularlesioned rats exhibited a pattern of intermittent firing bursts that were distinctly unrelated to HD. This novel anterior thalamic firing pattern has not been encountered in any vestibular-intact rat. These data suggest that: (1) the neural code for directional bearing is critically dependent on vestibular information; and (2) this loss of HD cell information may represent a neurobiological mechanism to account for the orientation and navigational deficits observed after vestibular dysfunction.

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Behavioral assessment of sodium arsanilate induced vestibular dysfunction in rats

Cited by 54 publications

References 23 publications

Hippocampal spatial representations require vestibular input

Hippocampal spatial representations require vestibular input

Altered Behaviour in Hamsters Conceived and Born in Hypergravity

Firing Properties of Head Direction Cells in the Rat Anterior Thalamic Nucleus: Dependence on Vestibular Input

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