Behavioral and Cognitive Effects of Caffeine in Boys and Adult Males

Rapoport, Judith L.; Jensvold, Mari; Elkins, Robert; Buchsbaum, Monte S.; Weingartner, Herbert; Ludlow, Christine; Zahn, Theodore P.; Berg, Chantal van den; Neims, Alan

doi:10.1097/00005053-198111000-00007

Cited by 79 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…Subjective findings of caffeine effects are mainly the induction of alertness and reduction of calmness. This was reported by Rapaport et al [2] with caffeine administered to children and adults, and by Nuotto et al [10] in healthy young volunteers.…”

Section: Clinical Evaluationsmentioning

confidence: 54%

Evaluation of the central effects of alcohol and caffeine interaction.

Azcona

Barbanoj

Torrent

et al. 1995

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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1. The dynamic and kinetic interactions of alcohol and caffeine were studied in a double‐blind, placebo controlled, cross‐over trial. Treatments were administered to eight healthy subjects in four experimental sessions, leaving a 1 week wash‐out period between each, as follows: 1) placebo, 2) alcohol (0.8 g kg‐1), 3) caffeine (400 mg) and 4) alcohol (0.8 g kg‐1) + caffeine (400 mg). 2. Evaluations were performed by means of: 1) objective measures: a) psychomotor performance (critical flicker fusion frequency, simple reaction time and tapping test), b) long latency visual evoked potentials ('pattern reversal'); 2) subjective self‐rated scales (visual analogue scales and profile of mood states); 3) caffeine and alcohol plasma concentration determinations. 3. The battery of pharmacodynamic tests was conducted at baseline and at +0.5 h, +1.5 h, +2.5 h, +4 h and +6 h. An analysis of variance was applied to the results, accepting a P < 0.05 as significant. The plasma‐time curves for caffeine and alcohol were analysed by means of model‐independent methods. 4. Results obtained with caffeine in the objective measures demonstrated a decrease in simple reaction time and an increase in the amplitude of the evoked potentials; the subjects' self‐ratings showed a tendency to be more active. Alcohol increased simple reaction time and decreased amplitude of the evoked potentials, although the subjects rated themselves as being active. The combination of alcohol + caffeine showed no significant difference from placebo in the objective tests; nevertheless, the subjective feeling of drunkenness remained. The area under the curve (AUC) for caffeine was significantly higher when administered with alcohol.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Section: Clinical Evaluationsmentioning

confidence: 54%

Evaluation of the central effects of alcohol and caffeine interaction.

Azcona

Barbanoj

Torrent

et al. 1995

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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“…68 Boys also exhibited more increased motor activity and speech rates and decreased reaction time than did men. 69 Caffeine can improve attention, but it also increases blood pressure and sleep disturbances in children. 24 In a study of 9-to 11-year-olds with habitual (mean intake: 109 mg/day) and low (mean intake: 12 mg/day) caffeine consumption given 50 mg of caffeine after overnight abstention, habitual caffeine users reported withdrawal-symptom (headache and dulled cognition) reversal.…”

Section: Effects Of Caffeine In Children and Adolescentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Effects of Energy Drinks on Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults

et al. 2011

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"poison control center" to identify articles related to energy drinks. Manufacturer Web sites were reviewed for product information. RESULTS:According to self-report surveys, energy drinks are consumed by 30% to 50% of adolescents and young adults. Frequently containing high and unregulated amounts of caffeine, these drinks have been reported in association with serious adverse effects, especially in children, adolescents, and young adults with seizures, diabetes, cardiac abnormalities, or mood and behavioral disorders or those who take certain medications. Of the 5448 US caffeine overdoses reported in 2007, 46% occurred in those younger than 19 years. Several countries and states have debated or restricted energy drink sales and advertising. CONCLUSIONS:Energy drinks have no therapeutic benefit, and many ingredients are understudied and not regulated. The known and unknown pharmacology of agents included in such drinks, combined with reports of toxicity, raises concern for potentially serious adverse effects in association with energy drink use. In the short-term, pediatricians need to be aware of the possible effects of energy drinks in vulnerable populations and screen for consumption to educate families. Long-term research should aim to understand the effects in at-risk populations. Toxicity surveillance should be improved, and regulations of energy drink sales and consumption should be based on appropriate research.

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“…Tasks that require a large number of resources include but may not be limited to those with temporal uncertainty , degraded stimuli (Frowein, 1981;, and spatial uncertainty (Sanders & Reitsma, 1982). In addition, as a subject acquires experience with a task, fewer resources are required.When stimulant drugs improve the performance of children but leave the performance of adults relatively unchanged (Rapoport et al, 1981), a similar explanation applies. There are certainly many differences between children and adults.…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Sometimes investigators report effects for some subjects but not for others. For example, Rapoport et al (1981) reported that caffeine improves the performance of normal children and leaves the performance of adults unchanged. Many of these apparent inconsistencies are understandable given the idea that performance can be either resource limited or data limited.…”

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confidence: 99%

Personality, motivation, and performance: A theory of the relationship between individual differences and information processing.

Humphreys

Revelle²

1984

Psychological Review

730

520

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We introduce a model to relate the personality dimensions of introversion-extraversion, achievement motivation, and anxiety to efficient cognitive performance. We show how these personality dimensions in combination with situational moderators (e.g., success, failure, time pressure, incentives, time of day, and stimulant drugs) affect the motivational constructs of arousal and effort. We propose a general information-processing model that accounts for the systematic effects of these motivational states on certain task components (sustained information transfer and some aspect of short-term memory). We combine empirical generalizations about task components in a structural model and derive testable predictions that differentiate alternative motivational hypotheses.There are two major approaches to the study of human intellectual performance. The first focuses on the effect of personality and individual differences, and the second attempts toThe order of authorship is arbitrary. This research was supported in part by Grant MH29209(01-04) from the National Institute of Mental Health to both authors, in part by Grant MH29209(05-07) from the National Institute of Mental Health to William Revelle, and in part by a grant from the University of Queensland to Michael Humphreys. Preparation of an earlier draft of the article done at Oxford University was supported in part by Fogarty Senior International Fellowship TW00580 from the National Institutes of Health to William Revelle.We gratefully acknowledge the suggestions and comments made on earlier drafts of this article by K. Anderson, J. Atkinson, D. Birch, D. Broadbent, C. Duncan, H. J. Eysenck, L. Goldberg, J. A. Gray, M. J. Lynch, G. Mandler, J. Onken, T. Rocklin, and B. Underwood. We particularly appreciate the many hours of discussion and criticism given to us by our students. We would also like to thank N. Block, R. Conti, T. Lederer, L. Smith, and R. Shore for their assistance in preparing the various drafts.Requests for reprints should be sent to William Revelle, Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60201 or to Michael S. Humphreys, Department of Psychology, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia 4067. develop general laws of cognitive psychology or information processing. Although these two approaches rarely are combined, it is difficult to find an example of cognitive performance that is not better understood by a combination of both areas. In this article we propose a theory that integrates these two fundamentally different paradigms.We believe that theoretical and empirical work on at least three personality dimensions poses a problem for anyone interested in the relationships of personality to efficient cognitive performance. These three areas of personality (introversion-extraversion, I/E; achievement motivation; and anxiety) have been shown in a number of studies to be relatively independent. Furthermore, research in all three areas has dealt with the situational and motivational determina...

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Behavioral and Cognitive Effects of Caffeine in Boys and Adult Males

Cited by 79 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluation of the central effects of alcohol and caffeine interaction.

Evaluation of the central effects of alcohol and caffeine interaction.

Health Effects of Energy Drinks on Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults

Personality, motivation, and performance: A theory of the relationship between individual differences and information processing.

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