Behavioral activation and lack of concern, core symptoms of anorexia nervosa?

Casper, Regina C.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-108x(199812)24:4<381::aid-eat5>3.0.co;2-q

Cited by 76 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(78 reference statements)

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“…Drive for activity, restlessness Unlike the fatigue and motor slowing typically observed in semistarvation, individuals who are vulnerable to AN tend to become energized and display normal-to-high activity levels and mental alertness when they lose weight (Casper 1998b). The drive for activity allows some individuals with AN to engage in excessive exercise.…”

Section: Symptoms In Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relevance of animal models to human eating disorders and obesity

2008

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Background and rationale This review addresses the role animal models play in contributing to our knowledge about the eating disorders anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) and obesity. Objectives Explore the usefulness of animal models in complex biobehavioral familial conditions, such as AN, BN, and obesity, that involve interactions among genetic, physiologic, psychological, and cultural factors. Results and conclusionsThe most promising animal model to mimic AN is the activity-based anorexia rodent model leading to pathological weight loss. The paradigm incorporates reward elements of the drive for activity in the presence of an appetite and allows the use of genetically modified animals. For BN, the sham-feeding preparation in rodents equipped with a gastric fistula appears to be best suited to reproduce the postprandial emesis and the defects in satiety. Animal models that incorporate genes linked to behavior and mood may clarify biobehavioral processes underlying AN and BN. By contrast, a relative abundance of animal models has contributed to our understanding of human obesity. Both environmental and genetic determinants of obesity have been modeled in rodents. Here, we consider single gene mutant obesity models, along with models of obesigenic environmental conditions. The contributions of animal models to obesity research are illustrated by their utility for identifying genes linked to human obesity, for elucidating the pathways that regulate body weight and for the identification of potential therapeutic targets. The utility of these models may be further improved by exploring the impact of experimental manipulations on the behavioral determinants of energy balance.

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Section: Symptoms In Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relevance of animal models to human eating disorders and obesity

2008

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“…Fear of fatness or fear of weight gain has been considered to be a key feature of AN, yet family, twin and genetic studies have little to say about the underlying biology of the symptom. Hebebrand et al 18 underscore the lack of reliability and validity of this criterion, difficulty with measurement, absence in non-Western cultures, 38,39 failure to reflect the biology of AN, 40,41 and fluctuations over the course of AN. 42,43 Thus, this criterion is best conceptualized as an environmental feature relevant to understanding maintenance factors for AN, for predicting clinical course, and for understanding cultural manifestations, 44 but not a candidate endophenotype reflective of a core underlying biological process.…”

Section: Anorexia Nervosamentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic epidemiology, endophenotypes, and eating disorder classification

Bulik

Keski‐Rahkonen

Klump

et al. 2007

Int. J. Eat. Disord.

120

111

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Objective: To explore how genetic epidemiology has informed the identification of endophenotypes and how endophenotypes may inform future classification of eating disorders.Method: Literature review and synthesis.Results: Although a number of endoand subphenotypes have been suggested for eating disorders, few reach the rigorous definitions developed for candidate endophenotypes. Conclusion:Further study of endophenotypes and subphenotypes for eating disorders may assist with developing a more homogenous classification system that more closely reflects underlying biological mechanisms, and provides a clearer focus for the development of coherent models and treatments. V V C 2007 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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“…23,97 Different terms have been invoked for the elevated activity, including excessive or compulsive exercise, intense athleticism, an exaggerated need for physical activity, paradoxical liveliness, hyperactivity, overactivity, motor restlessness or diffuse restlessness. 99 The various descriptions of 'hyperactivity' reflect different aspects or qualities of one or more related behaviours or psychopathologic features.…”

Section: Hyperactivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of leptin in anorexia nervosa: clinical implications

et al. 2006

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Leptin is a hormone with pleiotropic functions affecting several tissues. Because leptin has a crucial role in the adaptation of an organism to semi-starvation, anorexia nervosa (AN) serves as a model disorder to elucidate the functional implications of hypoleptinaemia; vice versa, several symptoms in patients with this eating disorder are related to the low leptin levels, which are characteristic of acute AN. Weight gain in AN patients can induce relative hyperleptinaemia in comparison to controls matched for body mass index; circulating leptin concentrations in AN patients thus transverse from subnormal to supranormal levels within a few weeks. We review findings on leptin secretion in AN and focus on implications, particularly for the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis, bone mineral density and physical hyperactivity. Undoubtedly, the elucidation of leptin's function as a trigger of diverse neuroendocrine adaptations to a restricted energy intake has substantially advanced our knowledge of the pathogenesis of distinct symptoms of AN, including amenorrhoea that represents one of the four diagnostic criteria. The fact that hypoleptinaemia can induce hyperactivity in a rat model for AN has led to a series of studies in AN patients, which support the notion that application of leptin to severely hyperactive patients might prove beneficial.

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Behavioral activation and lack of concern, core symptoms of anorexia nervosa?

Cited by 76 publications

References 71 publications

Relevance of animal models to human eating disorders and obesity

Relevance of animal models to human eating disorders and obesity

Genetic epidemiology, endophenotypes, and eating disorder classification

The role of leptin in anorexia nervosa: clinical implications

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