Behavior of nanoceria in biologically-relevant environments

Abstract

Cerium oxide nanoparticles (nanoceria) have gained considerable attention in biological research due to their anti-oxidant like behaviour and regenerative nature.

Toxicity and Protective Effects of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles (Nanoceria) Depending on Their Preparation Method, Particle Size, Cell Type, and Exposure Route

“…In short, they noted that a minor modification in the synthesis route may have a major impact on the biological activity and toxicity of ceria and pointed out that reproducibility in nanomaterials synthesis often constitutes a challenge. Kumar et al [32] also discussed many gaps that need to be filled with regard to nanoceria toxicity. For example, a better understanding of the influence of the precursor's purity, nanoceria morphology, binding sites, and long-term biotransformation in vivo is still strongly needed.…”

“…[31] The lower toxicity with smaller ceria particle size can also be explained by the higher tendency of smaller NPs to form agglomerates. [32] It is also well known that the surface properties, such as the zeta potential, of NPs play a key role in their biocompatibility. [33] The zeta potential of particles can be modified by changing, for example, the pH of the solution [34] or by using a coating.…”

“…[33] The zeta potential of particles can be modified by changing, for example, the pH of the solution [34] or by using a coating. [35] Kumar et al [32] have reviewed the way physicochemical properties of the tested nanoceria can influence the results of the cytotoxic studies. In short, they noted that a minor modification in the synthesis route may have a major impact on the biological activity and toxicity of ceria and pointed out that reproducibility in nanomaterials synthesis often constitutes a challenge.…”

Adsorption of Nanoceria by Phosphocholine Liposomes

“…16 In vivo studies revealed that nanoceria fights against inflammation, ischemic stroke and radiation-induced damages. 11,17 With so many biological applications, however, few studies touched upon its interaction with biological molecules, 18 especially biomembranes. 10,16 To enter cells, nanoceria has to first cross the cell membrane.…”

Nanoceria and Its Perspective in Cancer Treatment

“…Strobel et al have found that endothelial cells have the ability to clear up the nanoceria through a process called exocytosis which helps to reduce the adverse effect of it [62]. But as the use of different types of nanoceria are still in developing stage more research needs to be done about the fate, transformation, transport, toxicity, the interaction of nanoceria [63]. …”