Beetroot juice versus chard gel: A pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic comparison of nitrate bioavailability

McIlvenna, Luke C; Monaghan, Chris; Liddle, Luke; Fernandez, Bernadette; Feelisch, Martin; Muggeridge, David J.; Easton, Chris

doi:10.1016/j.niox.2016.12.006

Cited by 28 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…1); mechanisms underlying the hypotensive properties of beetroot is also most likely attributed to an enhancement of NO bioavailability as a result of increased non-enzymatic reduction of NO 3 into NO 2 and NO [36,50]. The pharmacokinetics of NO 3 are suggested to differ based on the delivery vehicle [51,52], in which beetroot was used as in the vast majority of clinical studies, investigating the hypotensive effect of NO 3 [26,31,35,[50][51][52]. The non-significant blood pressure lowering effect of NO 3 -depleted beetroot compared to NO 3 -rich beetroot [32,41], may imply the key and potential role of NO 3 versus other beetroot's nutraceuticals.…”

Section: Effects Of Beetroot On Blood Pressure and Vascular Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional properties of beetroot (Beta vulgaris) in management of cardio-metabolic diseases

et al. 2020

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Red beetroot (Beta vulgaris), as a naturally occurring root vegetable and a rich source of phytochemicals and bioactive compounds, is known for its beneficial roles in the improvement of several clinical and pathologic outcome. Chronic and acute beetroot juice supplementation, as a cost-effective strategy, is proposed to hold promises in controlling diabetes and insulin hemostasis, blood pressure and vascular function, renal health and the possible effect on microbiome abundance. The secondary outcome and physiological response of microbiome abundance modulation included the non-significant fluctuation of systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Also, some studies have suggested a reno-protective property of beetroot juice that is associated with the reduction of mortality rate and favorable changes in kidney's functional parameters among patients with renal disorders. Similarly, it is shown that the persistent consumption of beetroot juice effectively postpones the postprandial glycemic response and decreases the blood glucose peak. The significant blood pressure lowering effect has been seen among normotensive subjects, which tend to be more considerable among hypertensive individuals and progressive among overweight adults. Within this context, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview on the therapeutic applications of beetroot juice in metabolic disorders and theirs underlying mechanisms. Despite the inconsistencies in the set of results from the reviewed studies, there is no doubt that further contributing factors must be investigated more deeply in future studies.

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Section: Effects Of Beetroot On Blood Pressure and Vascular Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional properties of beetroot (Beta vulgaris) in management of cardio-metabolic diseases

et al. 2020

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“…Gas-phase chemiluminescence was used to determine plasma [NO 3 − ] and [NO 2 − ], as previously described (Pinder et al 2008 ; Muggeridge et al 2014 ; McIlvenna et al 2017 ). Briefly, following the creation of a standard curve at several concentrations (0–1000 nM for NO 2 − ) and (0–100 µM for NO 3 − ), samples were thawed in a water bath at 37 °C for 3 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have demonstrated that increasing plasma levels of NO 3 − and NO 2 − through dietary NO 3 − ingestion and via sunlight exposure can reduce blood pressure (BP) (Larsen et al 2006 ; Webb et al 2008 ; Opländer et al 2009 ; Kapil et al 2010 ; Vanhatalo et al 2010 ; Siervo et al 2013 ; Wylie et al 2013 ; Muggeridge et al 2015 ; McIlvenna et al 2017 ). Increasing the circulating concentration of NO metabolites has also been shown to elicit other cardiovascular and metabolic effects, including the reduction of resting oxygen utilization ( ) (Larsen et al 2014 ; Whitfield et al 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of two different doses of ultraviolet-A light exposure on nitric oxide metabolites and cardiorespiratory outcomes

et al. 2018

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PurposeThe present study investigated different doses of ultraviolet-A (UV-A) light on plasma nitric oxide metabolites and cardiorespiratory variables.MethodsTen healthy male participants completed three experimental conditions, 7 days apart. Participants were exposed to no light (CON); 10 J cm2 (15 min) of UV-A light (UVA10) and 20 J cm2 (30 min) of UV-A light (UVA20) in a randomized order. Plasma nitrite [NO2−] and nitrate [NO3−] concentrations, blood pressure (BP), and heart rate (HR) were recorded before, immediately after exposure and 30 min post-exposure. Whole body oxygen utilization (), resting metabolic rate (RMR) and skin temperature were recorded continuously.ResultsNone of the measured parameters changed significantly during CON (all P > 0.05). and RMR were significantly reduced immediately after UVA10 (P < 0.05) despite no change in plasma [NO2−] (P > 0.05). Immediately after exposure to UVA20, plasma [NO2−] was higher (P = 0.014) and and RMR tended to be lower compared to baseline (P = 0.06). There were no differences in [NO2−] or at the 30 min time point in any condition. UV-A exposure did not alter systolic BP, diastolic BP or MAP (all P > 0.05). UV-A light did not alter plasma [NO3−] at any time point (all P > 0.05).ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that a UV-A dose of 20 J cm2 is necessary to increase plasma [NO2−] although a smaller dose is capable of reducing and RMR at rest. Exposure to UV-A did not significantly reduce BP in this cohort of healthy adults. These data suggest that exposure to sunlight has a meaningful acute impact on metabolic function.

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“…In each trial, participants initially lay supine for 15 min prior to obtaining a venous blood sample by venepuncture to ensure values were not influenced by postural changes 20 . Samples were collected in a vacutainer containing EDTA and spun immediately in a centrifuge for 10 min at 4000 rpm and 4 o C before the plasma was extracted and frozen at -80 o C. Plasma samples were later analysed for plasma [NO3 -] and [NO2 -] via gasphase chemiluminescence using methods previously described in detail 21 . A second venous blood sample was obtained immediately after completion of the IPC protocol in the PLA+IPC and NIT+IPC trials to determine the effects of IPC on NO2and NO3concentration.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower limb ischemic preconditioning combined with dietary nitrate supplementation does not influence time-trial performance in well-trained cyclists

McIlvenna

Muggeridge

Forrest

et al. 2019

Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport

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Beetroot juice versus chard gel: A pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic comparison of nitrate bioavailability

Cited by 28 publications

References 58 publications

Functional properties of beetroot (Beta vulgaris) in management of cardio-metabolic diseases

Functional properties of beetroot (Beta vulgaris) in management of cardio-metabolic diseases

The effects of two different doses of ultraviolet-A light exposure on nitric oxide metabolites and cardiorespiratory outcomes

Lower limb ischemic preconditioning combined with dietary nitrate supplementation does not influence time-trial performance in well-trained cyclists

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