Beetroot (Beta vulgarisL.) Extract Ameliorates Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity Associated Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis in Rodent Model

Abstract

The present investigation was designed to investigate the protective effect of (Beta vulgaris L.) beat root ethanolic extract (BVEE) on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity and to elucidate the potential mechanism. Serum specific kidney function parameters (urea, uric acid, total protein, creatinine, and histopathology of kidney tissue) were evaluated to access gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. The oxidative/nitrosative stress (Lipid peroxidation, MDA, NP-SH, Catalase, and nitric oxide levels) was assessed. The inflammatory response (TNF-α, IL-6, MPO, NF-κB (p65), and NF-κB (p65) DNA binding) and apoptotic marker (Caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2) were also evaluated. BVEE (250 and 500 mg/kg) treatment along with gentamicin restored/increased the renal endogenous antioxidant status. Gentamicin-induced increased renal inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6), nuclear protein expression of NF-κB (p65), NF-κB-DNA binding activity, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and nitric oxide level were significantly down regulated upon BVEE treatment. In addition, BVEE treatment significantly reduced the amount of cleaved caspase 3 and Bax, protein expression and increased the Bcl-2 protein expression. BVEE treatment also ameliorated the extent of histologic injury and reduced inflammatory infiltration in renal tubules. These findings suggest that BVEE treatment attenuates renal dysfunction and structural damage through the reduction of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in the kidney.

Chard (Beta Vulgaris Var. Cicla) Extract Modulates Zinc Status, Glucose Level and Antioxydant Values in Diabetic Rats Fed Zinc Deficiency Diet

“…Thus, it has been reported that several polyphenol compounds isolated from Beta vulgaris possess a strong antioxidant properties, which reduce the formation of ROS by directly inhibiting the reactive oxygen generating enzymes [31]. El-Gamal et al [55] indicated that chard treatment decreased the renal MDA levels and increased the CAT activity in gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Jain and Singhai [56] reported that chard administration significantly decreased the MDA level and increased the GSH concentration in rats and suggested that the antioxidant effect of chard plays an important protective role against ethanol-mediated toxicity.…”

Minimal muscle damage after a marathon and no influence of beetroot juice on inflammation and recovery

“…There are also other phytonutrients in beetroot such as the betalain pigments or polyphenol compounds that might be of benefit for exercise recovery (El Gamal et al 2014;Vidal et al 2014). Indeed, there is now a growing body of evidence in both human and animal studies suggesting that akin to other functional foods shown to enhance EIMD, these chemical compounds are endowed with potent anti-inflammatory and AOX effects (Reddy et al 2005;Pietrzkowski Z 2010;Jadert et al 2012;El Gamal et al 2014).…”

“…Indeed, there is now a growing body of evidence in both human and animal studies suggesting that akin to other functional foods shown to enhance EIMD, these chemical compounds are endowed with potent anti-inflammatory and AOX effects (Reddy et al 2005;Pietrzkowski Z 2010;Jadert et al 2012;El Gamal et al 2014). The betalains for instance, the pigments that give beetroot its violet colour, are endowed with potent radical scavenging activity, which has been proposed to help attenuate EIMD (Howatson et al 2010;McLeay et al 2012).…”

Development of Proniosomal Gel: in-vitro, ex-vivo and in-vivo Characterization

“…Plethysmometer was used to measured paw thickness, before (time 0) and after carrageenan administration, increase in paw thickness was measured at time intervals 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 hrs. [18][19] The percent inhibition was calculated as follows:…”