Beetle Fauna of the United States and Canada

Marske, Katharine A.; Ivie, Michael A.

doi:10.1649/663

Cited by 37 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Moreover, the accumulation curves for Diptera (and Hymenoptera) suggest that the number of dipteran species will continue to rise for still some time, whereas the British Coleoptera fauna has been nearly stagnant since about 1900 (Gaston 1991). In the Nearctic Region, including the Nearctic portion of Mexico, there are 22,229 species of Diptera (Pape & Thompson 2013) and 25,160 species of Coleoptera in the more restricted area of Canada and the United States of America (Marske & Ivie 2003). The British and North American comparisons include many cecidomyiids but the number of species will markedly increase once this family is sampled with otherwise standard collecting methods and these will add significantly to the total number of dipteran species in temperate areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remarkable fly (Diptera) diversity in a patch of Costa Rican cloud forest: Why inventory is a vital science

Borkent

Brown

Adler

et al. 2018

Zootaxa

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Study of all flies (Diptera) collected for one year from a four-hectare (150 x 266 meter) patch of cloud forest at 1,600 meters above sea level at Zurquí de Moravia, San José Province, Costa Rica (hereafter referred to as Zurquí), revealed an astounding 4,332 species. This amounts to more than half the number of named species of flies for all of Central America. Specimens were collected with two Malaise traps running continuously and with a wide array of supplementary collecting methods for three days of each month. All morphospecies from all 73 families recorded were fully curated by technicians before submission to an international team of 59 taxonomic experts for identification.Overall, a Malaise trap on the forest edge captured 1,988 species or 51% of all collected dipteran taxa (other than of Phoridae, subsampled only from this and one other Malaise trap). A Malaise trap in the forest sampled 906 species. Of other sampling methods, the combination of four other Malaise traps and an intercept trap, aerial/hand collecting, 10 emergence traps, and four CDC light traps added the greatest number of species to our inventory. This complement of sampling methods was an effective combination for retrieving substantial numbers of species of Diptera. Comparison of select sampling methods (considering 3,487 species of non-phorid Diptera) provided further details regarding how many species were sampled by various methods.Comparison of species numbers from each of two permanent Malaise traps from Zurquí with those of single Malaise traps at each of Tapantí and Las Alturas, 40 and 180 km distant from Zurquí respectively, suggested significant species turnover. Comparison of the greater number of species collected in all traps from Zurquí did not markedly change the degree of similarity between the three sites, although the actual number of species shared did increase.Comparisons of the total number of named and unnamed species of Diptera from four hectares at Zurquí is equivalent to 51% of all flies named from Central America, greater than all the named fly fauna of Colombia, equivalent to 14% of named Neotropical species and equal to about 2.7% of all named Diptera worldwide. Clearly the number of species of Diptera in tropical regions has been severely underestimated and the actual number may surpass the number of species of Coleoptera.Various published extrapolations from limited data to estimate total numbers of species of larger taxonomic categories (e.g., Hexapoda, Arthropoda, Eukaryota, etc.) are highly questionable, and certainly will remain uncertain until we have more exhaustive surveys of all and diverse taxa (like Diptera) from multiple tropical sites.Morphological characterization of species in inventories provides identifications placed in the context of taxonomy, phylogeny, form, and ecology. DNA barcoding species is a valuable tool to estimate species numbers but used alone fails to provide a broader context for the species identified.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remarkable fly (Diptera) diversity in a patch of Costa Rican cloud forest: Why inventory is a vital science

Borkent

Brown

Adler

et al. 2018

Zootaxa

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“…For example, Yeates et al (2003) estimated that the known beetle diversity of Australia includes 23,000 species in 3265 genera and 121 families. This estimate of species is slightly lower than that reported for North America, a land mass of similar size: 25,160 species in 3526 genera and 129 families (Marske and Ivie 2003). While Marske and Ivie (2003) predicted that there could be as many as 28,000 species in North America, including currently undescribed species, a realistic estimation of the true diversity of the little-studied Australian beetle fauna could be 80,000-100,000 (Yeates et al 2003).…”

mentioning

confidence: 71%

Biodiversity of Coleoptera

Bouchard

Grebennikov

Smith

et al. 2009

Insect Biodiversity

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“…Th ese numbers are in general agreement with the strength of the latitudinal gradient relationship (i.e., the signifi cance of the correlation coeffi cient) and its slope (i.e., the measure of the latitudinal gradient), found in Hillebrand's (2004) meta-analysis. Although comparable informa- Another illustration of the utility of distributional checklists is illustrated by Figure 2 which shows the proportionate composition of the ten most abundant North American families of Coleoptera (Marske and Ivie 2003) of the North American beetle fauna as a whole, as well as that found in a number of Canadian provinces (Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, Québec, and Ontario) and American states (Rhode Island, New Hampshire, Florida, and California). Although the proportionate composition of some families (Curculionidae, Cerambycidae, and Elateridae) is relatively constant across northern, southern, eastern, and western jurisdictions, the composition of other families (Staphylinidae and Carabidae) shows marked variations from jurisdiction to jurisdiction.…”

Section: Staphylinidae: Paederinaementioning

confidence: 98%

Thomas L. Casey and Rhode Island's precinctive beetles: Тaxonomic lessons and the utility of distributional checklists

Majka¹,

Sikes²

2009

ZOOKEYS

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Th e sixty-two species of precinctive (reported from the state and from nowhere else) beetles known from Rhode Island, and originally described by Th omas L. Casey, are reviewed. Th ese 62 are reduced to 12 potential candidates, with a further 12 unrevised species awaiting investigation. In terms of the Rhode Island Coleoptera fauna, the present re-evaluation decreases the number of beetles known from the state by 12 to 2,243 species. Th is information is briefl y presented in the context of T.L. Casey's contribution to our knowledge of the North American (and specifi cally Rhode Island) beetle fauna and the strengths and weaknesses of his taxonomic approach. Th e utility of distributional checklists, such as the one of the Rhode Island beetle fauna, are discussed. Th e resolution of taxonomic problems is of central importance to many spheres of biological investigation and accurate distributional checklists are vital in this process. Such checklists are useful in the context of determining biodiversity and environmental monitoring and for many practical purposes such as assisting in identifi cation and highlighting gaps in distribution. Furthermore, data from such checklists also have utility in a variety of zoogeographic investigations, such as contributing to an understanding of latitudinal gradients in species diversity and the geographic basis for proportionate faunal composition. All these are compelling arguments for developing and maintaining such resources.

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Beetle Fauna of the United States and Canada

Cited by 37 publications

References 8 publications

Remarkable fly (Diptera) diversity in a patch of Costa Rican cloud forest: Why inventory is a vital science

Remarkable fly (Diptera) diversity in a patch of Costa Rican cloud forest: Why inventory is a vital science

Biodiversity of Coleoptera

Thomas L. Casey and Rhode Island's precinctive beetles: Тaxonomic lessons and the utility of distributional checklists

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