Bedbugs and kissing-bugs (bloodsucking Hemiptera)

Schofield, Christopher J.; Dolling, W. R.

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-1554-4_14

Cited by 32 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Although a small proportion of the insects can take blood directly from a range of vertebrate hosts, it is clear that the preferred feeding is by predation on other insects, so that the finding of vertebrate blood in the gut contents of museum specimens of C. apicicornis (Harrington 1990) seems most likely to have resulted from feeding on haematophagous insects rather than from feeding directly on vertebrate hosts. Similar cleptohematophagy has been frequently reported for other hemipteran predators such as Emesinae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) acquiring vertebrate blood by feeding on engorged mosquitoes (White et al 1972) and may represent an important phase in the evolutionary transition from predator to blood-sucker, as suggested by Schofield and Dolling (1993). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Haematophagy and cleptohaematophagy of Clerada apicicornis (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae), a potential biological control agent of Rhodnius prolixus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)

Torres

Cárdenas

Perez

et al. 2000

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Haematophagy and cleptohaematophagy of Clerada apicicornis (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae), a potential biological control agent of Rhodnius prolixus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)

Torres

Cárdenas

Perez

et al. 2000

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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“…Are Triatominae polyphyletic (descended from more than two ancestors) or diphyletic (descended from two ancestors) or, as currently treated, monophyletic? These possibilities have been suggested (Schofield 1988(Schofield , 2000Schofield & Dolling 1993;Schofield & Dujardin 1999;Bargues et al 2000), and discussed by Carcavallo et al (1999Carcavallo et al ( , 2000; but the evidence is weak (see below, and Schaefer & Coscarón 2001), or controverted by other evidence (Hypša et al 2002).…”

Section: Systematic and Phylogenetic Questionsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…2b) Several invasions of the same species, T. rubrofasciata, although not impossible, seem a priori unlikely. However, if as Schofield (1988), Dolling (1993), andGorla et al (1997) suggest, this bug traveled with ship rats, two (or more) invasions of the Old World by this bug from the New World may have occurred. More than one invasion may also explain why some places in the Old World have populations of the species, and other places have species descended from it (see 2a, above).…”

Section: Systematic and Phylogenetic Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4b) Might Linshcosteus be descended from a nontriatomine (and see 3, above)? That is, might Linshcosteus not be a triatomine at all (Schofield 1988(Schofield , 2000Schofield & Dolling 1993;Gorla et al 1997)? This possibility has been suggested by many of those who believe Triatominae to be di-or polyphyletic, and who argue that those features of Linshcosteus that link it with Triatominae are merely features any reduviid must acquire if it is to feed on vertebrate blood; Linshcosteus, by this argument, is convergent with members of Triatominae.…”

Section: Systematic and Phylogenetic Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae): Systematic questions and some others

Schaefer¹

2003

Neotrop. Entomol.

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Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae): Questões Sistemáticas e Algumas Outras RESUMO -Os vetores da doença de Chagas são classificados como membros dos reduviídeos da subfamília Triatominae. Entretanto, essa classificação tem sido referida como incorreta por alguns autores, que consideram que alguns (ou todos?) os grupos de Triatominae têm diferentes ancestrais não-triatomíneos. Neste artigo essa questão é discutida amplamente e outras questões relacionadas ao tema são também levantadas, em particular a posição sistemática de Linshcosteus, o único gênero de Triatominae que ocorre fora do Novo Mundo (na Índia). Outro exemplo é o fato de diversas espécies e populações terem derivado da espécie tropical Triatoma rubrofasciata (De Geer). A resposta a essas questões -se os triatomíneos têm mais de um ancestral não-triatomíneo e, portanto, seriam filogeneticamente distantes -não tem apenas interesse acadêmico. É impossível generalizar para todos os grupos o que é conhecido apenas para um grupo, e isso pode prevenir o controle desses vetores de doenças. Portanto, é literalmente vital determinar se Triatominae é um grupo holofilético e, se não, quais grupos classificados como triatomíneos são relacionados entre si. Essa determinação poderá ser feita através da análise cladística dos generos atualmente incluídos em Triatominae. Alguns comentários sobre cladística são apresentados em um Apêndice. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Doença de Chagas, Trypanosoma cruzi, Rhodnius, Linshcosteus, cladística ABSTRACT -The Neotropical Chagas' disease vectors are classified as members of the reduviid subfamily Triatominae. However, this classification has been suggested to be incorrect, and the suggestion has been treated as fact by some authors; the suggestion is that some (all?) groups in Triatominae had different nontriatomine reduviid ancestors. In this article I raise this question explicitly and ask other questions ancillary to it. I do not answer these questions. Of particular interest is the systematic position of Linshcosteus, the only genus of Triatominae all of whose species occur outside the New World (in India). Related to this question is that of the origin(s) of the several species and populations probably derived from the tropicopolitan Triatoma rubrofasciata (De Geer). Answering these questions is of more than academic interest, for if triatomines had more than one nontriatomine ancestor, and therefore are not phylogenetically close, it is impossible to generalize what is known about one group to others, and this inability may hinder control of these disease vectors. It is therefore vital (literally!) to determine if Triatominae is a holophyletic group and, if not, to determine which groups now classified as triatomines are related to which others. This determination may best be accomplished with a cladistic analysis of the genera now included in Triatominae. Some comments on cladistics are presented in an Appendix.

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“…The evolutionary transition is assumed to have proceeded from free-living predatory forms to nest-dwelling haematophagous forms, and potential intermediates in such a transition are illustrated by facultative haematophagy in many predatory Reduviidae (eg. Schofield & Dolling 1993) and facultative predation in many Triatominae (eg. Miles et al 1981, Sandoval et al 2000.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear rDNA-based molecular clock of the evolution of triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae), vectors of Chagas disease

Bargues

Marcilla

Ramsey

et al. 2000

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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The evolutionary history and times of divergence of triatomine bug lineages are estimated from molecular clocks inferred from nucleotide sequences of the small subunit SSU (18S) and the second internal transcribed spacer Key words: Chagas disease -Triatominae vectors -nuclear rDNA -18S gene -ITS-2 spacer -molecular clockevolutionUntil the 60s, analysis of fossils was the only source of information about the time when ancestors of extant organisms lived. Since then, molecular genetic studies have provided a series of socalled molecular clocks, that may be used to estimate the evolutionary history and time of divergence of organisms. This has become particularly useful for species that have a poor fossil record, as well as for lineages of organisms which show little morphogenesis through time, or which exhibit a great deal of phenotypic variability.The molecular clock is based on the assumption that processes such as DNA replication, transcription, protein synthesis, and metabolism are similar in all organisms and that the proteins and

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Bedbugs and kissing-bugs (bloodsucking Hemiptera)

Cited by 32 publications

References 72 publications

Haematophagy and cleptohaematophagy of Clerada apicicornis (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae), a potential biological control agent of Rhodnius prolixus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)

Haematophagy and cleptohaematophagy of Clerada apicicornis (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae), a potential biological control agent of Rhodnius prolixus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)

Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae): Systematic questions and some others

Nuclear rDNA-based molecular clock of the evolution of triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae), vectors of Chagas disease

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