Beat the Exercise-induced muscle damage

Comparing the effectiveness of static stretching and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching in treating delayed onset muscle soreness in calf muscles of runners

“…muscle fever, overtraining syndrome (OTS), post-exercise muscle soreness, exercise induced muscle damage (EIMD) and exercise associated muscle cramps (EAMC). 2 Muscle damage after the unaccustomed strenuous physical activity is similar in males and females; however, the inflammatory response is exaggerated in women. Adults of all ages can develop DOMS.…”

Nutritional interventions for reducing the signs and symptoms of exercise-induced muscle damage and accelerate recovery in athletes: current knowledge, practical application and future perspectives

“…muscle soreness, stiffness, tenderness, pain, impaired muscle function) are evident within a few hours following the exercise insult and can persist for many days following the initial bout, however the magnitude and duration can vary greatly between individuals. Of primary concern is a temporary decrease in muscle function (strength, power, speed, economy of movement) that is accompanied by reduced range of motion (Jamurtas et al 2005;Howatson et al 2008;Damas et al 2016;Qamar et al 2019). Furthermore, there is often evidence of muscle swelling, muscle soreness, decreased pain threshold, increase of oxidative stress markers (Childs et al, 2001;Lee et al, 2002;Sacheck et al, 2003) and rise of various inflammatory interleukins, C-reactive protein (CRP), tenascin C, which can be accompanied by elevated intramuscular proteins (creatine kinase; CK, myoglobin; MYO, lactate dehydrogenase; LDH, for example); these can be present for several days following the damaging bout of exercise (Byrne et al 2004;Hyldahl et al 2014;Warren et al 1999;Harty et al 2019;Qamar et al 2019;Baumert et al 2016).…”

“…Of primary concern is a temporary decrease in muscle function (strength, power, speed, economy of movement) that is accompanied by reduced range of motion (Jamurtas et al 2005;Howatson et al 2008;Damas et al 2016;Qamar et al 2019). Furthermore, there is often evidence of muscle swelling, muscle soreness, decreased pain threshold, increase of oxidative stress markers (Childs et al, 2001;Lee et al, 2002;Sacheck et al, 2003) and rise of various inflammatory interleukins, C-reactive protein (CRP), tenascin C, which can be accompanied by elevated intramuscular proteins (creatine kinase; CK, myoglobin; MYO, lactate dehydrogenase; LDH, for example); these can be present for several days following the damaging bout of exercise (Byrne et al 2004;Hyldahl et al 2014;Warren et al 1999;Harty et al 2019;Qamar et al 2019;Baumert et al 2016). Delayedonset of muscle soreness (DOMS), a common symptom of EIMD, typically appears between 8 and 24 hours after the muscle-damaging exercise, peaks between 24 and 48 hours and usually subsides within 96 h (Damas et al 2016;Jones et al 1987).…”