Bat Rabies, Texas, 1996–2000

Rohde, Rodney E.; Mayes, Bonny; Smith, Jean S.; Neill, Susan U.

doi:10.3201/eid1005.030719

Cited by 23 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Absence of a statistically significant difference in percentage of rabid bats between years (1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005) in this study implies that levels of rabies in bats remains stable in Alabama; this appears to be the case in other areas (Kurta, 1979;Steece et al, 1982;Olnhausen and Gannon, 2004;Rohde et al, 2004). However, temporal distribution of rabid bats throughout the year varies among studies.…”

Section: Most Cases Of Rabies In the Unitedmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Most of these cases (17/24 cases during1990-2000) were related to a specific variant found in silver-haired bats (Lasionycteris noctivagans) and eastern pipistrelles (Pipistrellus subflavus; Messenger et al, 2002;Mondul et al, 2003). Rabid bats of all species were most likely detected in autumn, but L. noctivagans and P. subflavus were more likely to be rabid if collected in summer (Mondul et al, 2003 c References unless otherwise indicated: Alberta (Rosatte, 1985), Arizona (Dean et al, 1960), Arkansas (Heidt et al, 1991), British Columbia (Pybus, 1986), Colorado (Pape et al, 1999), Florida (Bigler et al, 1975), Georgia (Richardson et al, 1966), Illinois (Burnett, 1989), Indiana (Whitaker and Miller, 1973), Kansas (Birney and Rising, 1967), Manitoba (Beauregard, 1969), Michigan (Kurta, 1979), Minnesota (Steece et al, 1982), New York (Childs et al, 1994), Oklahoma (Caire, 1998), Ontario (Beauregard, 1969), Pennsylvania (Wampler and Kirkland, 1981), Saskatchewan (Pybus, 1986), South Carolina (Parker et al, 1999), Texas (Rohde et al, 2004). d (Feller et al, 1997).…”

Section: Most Cases Of Rabies In the Unitedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rabies in Bats from Alabama

Hester

Best

Hudson

2007

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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ABSTRACT:Data on rabies virus infection in bats that were submitted to the Alabama Department of Public Health from 1995-2005 were analyzed. Demographic factors, such as species and sex, and temporal aspects, such as yearly and monthly trends, were investigated. Thirteen species of bats were submitted, and of those, individuals from seven species were rabid; prevalence was highest in Lasiurus borealis and Pipistrellus subflavus and lowest in Eptesicus fuscus and Nycticeius humeralis. There was no difference in prevalence of rabies between sexes or years. Statistically, more rabid bats were submitted in August, September, and November; and fewer were submitted in March, June, and July. Results were similar to those from other regions of North America; these data from Alabama can help to present a more complete view of rabies in bats in North America.

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Section: Most Cases Of Rabies In the Unitedmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Most Cases Of Rabies In the Unitedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rabies in Bats from Alabama

Hester

Best

Hudson

2007

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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“…In contrast, the bats most commonly encountered by humans in the United States are the colonial bats Eptesicus fuscus , Tadarida brasiliensis , and Myotis spp . [7], [8]. These bats are often found living in the same dwelling as humans in numbers ranging from a few individuals to well over a thousand bats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rabies Virus Infection in Eptesicus fuscus Bats Born in Captivity (Naïve Bats)

et al. 2013

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The study of rabies virus infection in bats can be challenging due to quarantine requirements, husbandry concerns, genetic differences among animals, and lack of medical history. To date, all rabies virus (RABV) studies in bats have been performed in wild caught animals. Determining the RABV exposure history of a wild caught bat based on the presence or absence of viral neutralizing antibodies (VNA) may be misleading. Previous studies have demonstrated that the presence of VNA following natural or experimental inoculation is often ephemeral. With this knowledge, it is difficult to determine if a seronegative, wild caught bat has been previously exposed to RABV. The influence of prior rabies exposure in healthy, wild caught bats is unknown. To investigate the pathogenesis of RABV infection in bats born in captivity (naïve bats), naïve bats were inoculated intramuscularly with one of two Eptesicus fuscus rabies virus variants, EfV1 or EfV2. To determine the host response to a heterologous RABV, a separate group of naïve bats were inoculated with a Lasionycteris noctivagans RABV (LnV1). Six months following the first inoculation, all bats were challenged with EfV2. Our results indicate that naïve bats may have some level of innate resistance to intramuscular RABV inoculation. Additionally, naïve bats inoculated with the LnV demonstrated the lowest clinical infection rate of all groups. However, primary inoculation with EfV1 or LnV did not appear to be protective against a challenge with the more pathogenic EfV2.

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“…Carnivores and bats are the primary reservoirs of rabies virus in all continents, and bat-transmitted rabies is relatively commonly diagnosed in Latin American and Caribbean countries ( 1 , 4 – 6 ). In Brazil, a small number of human cases have been confirmed as having been transmitted by vampire bat bites ( 7 , 8 ), but because surveillance has improved in the last few years, the occurrence of sporadic episodes suggests a situation similar to that observed in other American countries ( 5 , 9 , 10 ). Indeed, ≈39 cases of human rabies have been reported in the United States since the 1950s, and cases of rabies transmitted by vampire bat bites are commonly reported in Mexico, Chile, Colombia, Peru, Venezuela, and other New World countries ( 1 , 5 , 6 , 9 , 11 , 12 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

Bat-transmitted Human Rabies Outbreaks, Brazilian Amazon

Rosa

Kotait²,

Barbosa

et al. 2006

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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We describe 2 bat-transmitted outbreaks in remote, rural areas of Portel and Viseu Municipalities, Pará State, northern Brazil. Central nervous system specimens were taken after patients' deaths and underwent immunofluorescent assay and histopathologic examination for rabies antigens; also, specimens were injected intracerebrally into suckling mice in an attempt to isolate the virus. Strains obtained were antigenically and genetically characterized. Twenty-one persons died due to paralytic rabies in the 2 municipalities. Ten rabies virus strains were isolated from human specimens; 2 other cases were diagnosed by histopathologic examination. Isolates were antigenically characterized as Desmodus rotundus variant 3 (AgV3). DNA sequencing of 6 strains showed that they were genetically close to D. rotundus–related strains isolated in Brazil. The genetic results were similar to those obtained by using monoclonal antibodies and support the conclusion that the isolates studied belong to the same rabies cycle, the virus variants found in the vampire bat D. rotundus.

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Bat Rabies, Texas, 1996–2000

Cited by 23 publications

References 12 publications

Rabies in Bats from Alabama

Rabies in Bats from Alabama

Rabies Virus Infection in Eptesicus fuscus Bats Born in Captivity (Naïve Bats)

Bat-transmitted Human Rabies Outbreaks, Brazilian Amazon

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