Basketball Affects Bone Mineral Density Accrual in Boys More Than Swimming and Other Impact Sports: 9-mo Follow-Up

Agostinete, Ricardo Ribeiro; Lynch, Kyle R.; Gobbo, Luís Alberto; Lima, Manoel Carlos Spiguel; Ito, Igor Hideki; Luiz-de-Marco, Rafael; Rodrigues-Junior, Mario A.; Fernandes, Rômulo Araújo

doi:10.1016/j.jocd.2016.04.006

Cited by 38 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The findings presented here differ from the results of previous studies which, after nine months of follow-up, found that, unlike people who practice sports that promote higher compressive and impact forces, such as basketball, regular swimming was not related to increased BMD in athletes. 6 However, such findings may be due to the age difference between the sample participants, since in the study mentioned the participants were aged 11.9 years on average, which may suggest maturation effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…4,6-10 On the other hand, exercises or sports that do not require bodyweight bearing or significant compressive loads, such as swimming and cycling, are associated with lower BMD. 3,6,[11][12][13] Gómez-Bruton et al 5 observed that, in the same way as in the absence of gravity, as with space travel, due to microgravity, swimming has no major osteogenic effects. However, this viewpoint is not consensual.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Swimming and Bone Mineral Density: A Sport Without Osteogenic Stimulation?

Albuquerque

Geraldes

Rangoussis

et al. 2020

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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Introduction: The osteogenic effects generated by different sports are the subject of a growing number of research projects. Regular physical activity is one of the main recommendations for the stimulation of bone mineral density (BMD). However, evidence has shown that not all physical activities promote similar effects. In this context, the osteogenic effects of swimming need to be clarified. Objective: To verify and compare total and regional BMD levels between male and female swimming athletes and university non-athletes. Methods: The sample, composed of 60 participants of both sexes, was divided into two groups: 30 swimming athletes (GA): 15 men (22.2 ± 3.92 years; 73.61 ± 16.55 kg; 1.76 ± 0.08 m) and 15 women (21.91 ± 2.21 years; 53.15 ± 8.36 kg; 1.64 ± 0.06 m) and a control group (CG): 30 university non-athletes: 15 men (20.73 ± 1.27 years; 74.4 ± 5.54 kg, 1.74 ± 0.04 m) and 15 women (19.93 ± 2.05 years; 59.72 ± 1.33 kg; 1.63 ± 0.004 m). BMD (total, arms, legs, pelvis and spine) was measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The results were compared with one-way ANOVA using Scheffé's post hoc test, when necessary. Results: When compared with the women, the men of both groups presented superior results for all BMD values analyzed. In addition, GA had higher BMD of arms and spine when compared to the CG, both for males (p = 0.016 and p = 0.001, respectively) and females (p = 0.0001 and p = 0.011, respectively). Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrate that young male adults, athletes and non-athletes, present higher levels of BMD than their peers of the opposite sex. In addition, the results suggest that when undertaken for competitive purposes and with a weekly training volume of 12 hours or more, swimming may be beneficial for the bone development of young athletes when compared to non-athlete controls. Level of evidence III; Retrospective comparative study.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Swimming and Bone Mineral Density: A Sport Without Osteogenic Stimulation?

Albuquerque

Geraldes

Rangoussis

et al. 2020

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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“…Therefore, despite the property of bone to react positively to the stimuli provoked by basketball and volleyball practice, as proven in some studies [45,46] the amount of time in which the athlete engages into sedentary behavior, regardless if basketball or volleyball, could have important in uences on bone mass and bone geometry parameters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can the sedentary behavior of young male basketball and volleyball players impact the bone mass and bone geometry?

Etchebehere

Bergamo

Carvalho

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Sedentary behavior is considered a health risk independent of physical activity. We evaluated the relationship between sedentary behavior, bone mass, and bone geometry among young male basketball and volleyball players.Methods: Fifty-five athletes (basketball n=21; volleyball n=34) aged 14 to 17 years old were included. Body composition and bone mass were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, comprising bone mineral density, bone mineral content at the lumbar spine (L1-L4), and femoral neck. Bone quality was evaluated by bone geometry considering the femur strength index, section modulus, cross-sectional moment of inertia, and cross-sectional area. Information on all foods and beverages were obtained by a nutritionist through a 24-hour food recall and a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The sedentary behavior was assessed using the Adolescent Sedentary Activity Questionnaire. A series of multilevel linear regression models were fitted to explore whether there was variation for players' body composition, bone parameters, diary nutrient intake and sedentary behavior by sport. All models were fitted using Bayesian methods.Results: Body composition and bone mass values were high for both basketball and volleyball players. However, there was no substantial variation between players by sport for body composition. Adjusting for age, there was no association of sedentary behavior on both bone mass and geometry among the athletes. Except for femoral strength index, age had a substantial moderate to large association with all bone mass and geometry indicators. Lastly, there was no substantial influence of sport (level-2 unit) on the estimates of the association between sedentary behavior and age with bone mass and geometry, as uncertainty estimates for group-level effects were high. Conclusions: In conclusion, there is no association between sedentary behaviour and bone mass and bone geometry, showing that accumulated training loads (15+ h/week) among young basketball and volleyball players are critical; they produce a positive stimulus on bone mass and bone geometry development.

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“…These results can be explained by the fact that sport participation tends to influence bone mass gain during the entire adolescence (until 18–20 years) and the mean age of the basketball players was 14.5 ± 0.9 years. Thus, longer follow-up periods may be able to show a deeper understanding of the impact of sport in bone health [37]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone tissue, blood lipids and inflammatory profiles in adolescent male athletes from sports contrasting in mechanical load

et al. 2017

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Exploring the effect of non-impact and impact sports is particular relevant to understand the interaction between skeletal muscle and bone health during growth. The current study aimed to compare total and regional bone and soft-tissue composition, in parallel to measurements of blood lipid and inflammatory profiles between adolescent athletes and non-athletes. Anthropometry, biological maturity, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans, training load and lipid and inflammatory profiles were assessed in a cross-sectional sample of 53 male adolescents (20 non-athletes, 15 swimmers and 18 basketball players) aged 12–19 years. Multiple comparisons between groups were performed using analysis of variance, covariance and magnitude effects (ES-r and Cohen’s d). The comparisons of controls with other groups were very large for high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (d range: 2.17–2.92). The differences between sports disciplines, regarding tissue outputs obtained from DXA scan were moderate for all variables except fat tissue (d = 0.4). It was possible to determine small differences (ES-r = 0.17) between controls and swimmers for bone area at the lower limbs (13.0%). In parallel, between swimmers and basketball players, the gradient of the differences was small (ES-r range: 0.15–0.23) for bone mineral content (24.6%), bone area (11.3%) and bone mineral density (11.1%) at the lower limbs, favoring the basketball players. These observations highlight that youth male athletes presented better blood and soft tissues profiles with respect to controls. Furthermore, sport-specific differences emerged for the lower limbs, with basketball players presenting higher bone mineral content, area and density than swimmers.

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Basketball Affects Bone Mineral Density Accrual in Boys More Than Swimming and Other Impact Sports: 9-mo Follow-Up

Cited by 38 publications

References 22 publications

Swimming and Bone Mineral Density: A Sport Without Osteogenic Stimulation?

Swimming and Bone Mineral Density: A Sport Without Osteogenic Stimulation?

Can the sedentary behavior of young male basketball and volleyball players impact the bone mass and bone geometry?

Bone tissue, blood lipids and inflammatory profiles in adolescent male athletes from sports contrasting in mechanical load

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