Basin inversion and contractional reactivation of inherited normal faults: A review based on previous and new experimental models

Cenozoic tectonostratigraphic evolution and architecture of the Central Andes in northern Chile based on the Aquine region, Western Cordillera (19°-19º30’ S).

“…10). The high-angle character of the Cenozoic substratum-involving thrusts is unlikely to be a consequence of purely compressive tectonics (e.g., Marques and Nogueira, 2008;Bonini et al, 2012), and suggests that these structures likely correspond to reversely reactivated normal faults that participated in the development of the Jurassic and Early Cretaceous backarc basins (e.g., Charrier et al, 2007). Evidence for a postCretaceous, pre-Early Eocene deformation, before deposition of the Icanche volcanics, is given by the angular discordance between the Cerro Empexa and Icanche Formations (Figs.…”

“…11d), which, in turn, is proposed to be rooted in the crustal-scale fault ramp of Farías et al (2005) (Cortés et al, 2012a). This easternmost pop-up can be qualitatively compared to a pop-up structure generated as a back thrust associated to a positively reactivated normal thrust (e.g., Bonini et al, 2012).…”

The deep structure of south-central Taiwan illuminated by seismic tomography and earthquake hypocenter data

“…In particular, it is a common feature in a number of thrust belts worldwide, that their structure is variably influenced by the reactivation of extensional faults inherited from the rifted continental margin (e.g., Brown et al, 1999;Butler et al, 1997;Hatcher & Williams, 1986;Laubscher, 1987;Narr & Suppe, 1994;Pérez-Estaún et al, 1997;Rodgers, 1987;Schmidt et al, 1988;Wiltschko & Eastman, 1983;Woodward, 1988). During the structural evolution of a thrust belt, such inherited faults can be fully or partially inverted often resulting in the uplift of basement rocks and in the development of lateral structures in either the footwall or hanging wall (e.g., Bonini et al, 2012;Coward et al, 1991Coward et al, , 1999De Paola et al, 2006;Di Domenica et al, 2014;Jackson, 1980;Madritsch et al, 2008;Molinaro et al, 2005;Sibson, 1995). In addition, they can localize deformation, causing the development of structures such as buttresses and back-thrusts (e.g., Casciello et al, 2013;de Graciansky et al, 1989;Gillcrist et al, 1987).…”

Fault‐related fold styles and progressions in fold‐thrust belts: Insights from sandbox modeling

“…For normal gravity experiments g M = g N and g* = 1. Considering ρ* = 0.5, from the above equation, the stress scaling ratio σ* can be directly obtained [Corti et al, 2003;Bonini et al, 2012]. Note that by having the same dimensions of stress, the cohesion must have a similar scaling ratio; i.e., C* = C M /C N = σ* (Table 2).…”