Basin and Petroleum System Modeling

Peters, Kenneth E.; Schenk, Oliver; Scheirer, Allegra Hosford; Wygrala, Björn; Hantschel, Thomas

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-49347-3_11

Cited by 38 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The distribution of organic matter and its deformation pathway during orogeny determine the realization of hydrocarbon potential and preservation of petroleum accumulations. Common petroleum system basin modelling in the industry is oneor two-dimensional, stacking stratigraphy or maps based on present day geometries (Magoon & Dow 1994;Al-Hajeri et al 2009;Peters 2009). This approach is a good proxy in areas of simple vertical motion but breaks down completely when there is significant horizontal displacement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Petroleum tectonic comparison of fold and thrust belts: the Zagros of Iraq and Iran, the Pyrenees of Spain, the Sevier of Western USA and the Beni Sub-Andean of Bolivia

Kendall

Vergés

Koshnaw

et al. 2019

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The genetic analysis of fold and thrust belts is facilitated by tracking the evolution of their organic endowment (petroleum tectonics). Petroleum tectonic analysis of convergent orogenic systems provides an audit of the processes that control the deformation and kinematics of orogenic belts. The distribution and deformation paths of the organic endowment intervals are key factors in determining the petroleum system evolution of fold and thrust belts. This comparison of orogenic systems illustrates the importance of flexural v. dynamic processes, orogenic wedge taper, mechanical stratigraphy and inherited architecture on the creation, preservation and destruction of petroleum accumulations. The Zagros, Pyrenees, Sevier and Beni Sub-Andean convergent systems share key characteristics of fold and thrust belts, with major differences in scale, degree of incorporation of organic endowment in evolution of the fold and thrust belt and its foreland, and preservation of fold and thrust belt wedge-top deposits. The Zagros is an orogen dominated by flexural processes that is a perfect storm for hydrocarbon generation and preservation. Its multiple stacked sources ensure continuous hydrocarbon generation while stacked detachments foster a low taper and thick wedge-top basins. The Pyrenees is also a flexurally dominated orogen, but the early consumption of its source rocks led to minimal survival of hydrocarbon accumulations during exhumation in a long lasting, high-taper orogenic wedge. The Sevier was initially a flexural orogen that was later dominated by dynamic uplift of the fold and thrust belt and distal foreland subsidence with foreland deformation. The consumption of its pre-orogenic sources during the early low-taper phase indicates a probable robust petroleum system at that time. However, the late high-taper phase exhumed and destroyed much of the early petroleum system. The addition of syntectonic foreland sources to be matured by both local and dynamic subsidence created an additional later set of petroleum systems. Post-orogenic events have left only remnants of world-class petroleum systems. The Beni segment of the Sub-Andean Orogen is a flexural system with probable dynamic overprints. Its most robust petroleum system probably occurred during its early low-taper flexural phase, with dynamic subsidence enhancement. Its late high-taper phase with possible dynamic uplift shuts down and stresses the petroleum systems. Comparison of these orogenic systems illustrates the importance of flexural v. dynamic processes, orogenic wedge taper kinematics, mechanical stratigraphy, distribution of source rocks relative to shortening and inherited architecture on the creation, preservation and destruction of petroleum accumulations in fold and thrust belts. Resource studies show that 14% of worldwide discovered hydrocarbon reserves are within the fold and thrust belts along convergent plate boundaries (Cooper 2007). Oil and gas exploration in fold and thrust belts is risky due to the complexity in tectonic style, structural a...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Petroleum tectonic comparison of fold and thrust belts: the Zagros of Iraq and Iran, the Pyrenees of Spain, the Sevier of Western USA and the Beni Sub-Andean of Bolivia

Kendall

Vergés

Koshnaw

et al. 2019

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“…The essential elements and processes of the petroleum systems lodged in the Persian Gulf basin are influenced by several tectonic pulses that are discussed elsewhere Alipour et al 2016Alipour et al , 2017. This information is carefully combined with other geological and geochemical data, and a conceptual basin model is constructed in this study, so that the geohistory of petroleum systems could be recreated through time (Hantschel and Kauerauf 2009;Peters et al 2012Peters et al , 2017.…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining biodegradation in 2D petroleum system models: application to the Cretaceous petroleum system of the southern Persian Gulf basin

Alipour

Alizadeh

Chehrazi

et al. 2019

J Petrol Explor Prod Technol

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Biodegradation modeling is combined with petroleum system modeling along a regional 2D transect from the southern Persian Gulf basin. An advanced basement model was considered in the model that allowed a constant temperature to enter the entire sedimentary column. Modeling results were calibrated against existing temperature and vitrinite reflectance data from nearby wells. Temperature, burial, and charge histories are carefully monitored within the studied section through geological time. Based on our modeling results, biodegradation has been effective along the migration pathway and within the eventual accumulation sites to varying extents. These findings can have practical implications for pre-drill oil quality predictions and accurate geochemical evaluations of oils and reduce offshore oil and gas exploration risks.

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“…Overpressure is defined as the excess pressure above hydrostatic pore pressure given by a vertical depth, the formation water's density and the Earth's gravitational acceleration. Overpressure or pore pressure in general can be estimated from data sources such as geophysical well logs (Bowers 1995;Eaton 1975Eaton , 1972, seismic velocities derived from vertical seismic profiles, seismic surveys or sonic logs (Bowers 1995;Eaton 1975Eaton , 1972, drilling parameters (Mouchet and Mitchell 1989) and basin modelling (Bjørlykke et al 2010;Darby et al 1998;Karlsen and Skeie 2006;Mosca et al 2018;Mudford et al 1991;Peters et al 2017;Satti et al 2015). Origins of overpressure include disequilibrium compaction through retarded dewatering of pore fluids due to low permeability barriers in the context of high sedimentation rates (Osborne and Swarbrick 1997;Swarbrick and Osborne 1998) and volume changes due diagenesis and/or fluid expansion at higher temperatures (Osborne and Swarbrick 1997;Sargent et al 2015;Swarbrick and Osborne 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictability and controlling factors of overpressure in the North Alpine Foreland Basin, SE Germany: An interdisciplinary post-drill analysis of the Geretsried GEN-1 Deep Geothermal Well

Drews

Hofstetter

Zoßeder

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Drilling- and velocity-based well analyses and 3D basin modelling were combined to test the predictability and controlling factors of overpressure in the North Alpine Foreland Basin in SE Germany. More specifically, the techniques were tested in the sub-regional context of the deep geothermal well Geretsried GEN-1 (TVD = 4852 m), located in the south of Munich. A 3D basin model based on a total of 20 wells was calibrated to the pressure distribution of four petroleum wells and tested against the Geretsried GEN-1 well. The results demonstrate that overpressure in the North Alpine Foreland Basin in SE Germany can be predicted from a simple 3D basin model calibrated to a minimum number of wells. Thereby, disequilibrium compaction likely acts as the main overpressure mechanism in the study area, underpinned by significantly higher sedimentation rates at overpressured locations. 3D basin modelling also confirms the role of Upper Cretaceous shales, which, if present, serve as an important pressure barrier between the under- to normally pressured Jurassic and overpressured Cenozoic basin fill. In addition, overpressure magnitudes of the Chattian might be higher than previously expected. The results of this study have great impact on future drilling campaigns in the North Alpine Foreland Basin in SE Germany. Minimized non-productive time and drilling cost, improved well planning and increased safety are amongst the most important benefits of accurate pore pressure and overpressure prediction. The newly derived insights on the mechanisms of overpressure will greatly influence future geomechanical and tectonic studies, since pore pressure is driving rock strength and principal stress magnitudes. Finally, the study is a great example for the importance of an interdisciplinary approach and the incorporation of geological conditions, when investigating drilling-related problems.

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Basin and Petroleum System Modeling

Cited by 38 publications

References 56 publications

Petroleum tectonic comparison of fold and thrust belts: the Zagros of Iraq and Iran, the Pyrenees of Spain, the Sevier of Western USA and the Beni Sub-Andean of Bolivia

Petroleum tectonic comparison of fold and thrust belts: the Zagros of Iraq and Iran, the Pyrenees of Spain, the Sevier of Western USA and the Beni Sub-Andean of Bolivia

Combining biodegradation in 2D petroleum system models: application to the Cretaceous petroleum system of the southern Persian Gulf basin

Predictability and controlling factors of overpressure in the North Alpine Foreland Basin, SE Germany: An interdisciplinary post-drill analysis of the Geretsried GEN-1 Deep Geothermal Well

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