Basilar Artery Tortuosity Is Associated With White Matter Hyperintensities by TIMP-1

Zhang, Dao Pei; Peng, Yan; Zhang, Huai Liang; Gong, Jian; Zhao, Min; Yin, Suo; Tian, Wei

doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.00836

Cited by 15 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…Our results showed that the serum level of MMP-9 and the ratio of MMP-9/TIMP-1 levels were both significantly higher in vertigo patients with VBD and BA elongation compared to those with normal arterial size. 50 Our findings suggest MMP-9 and TIMP-1 may be involved in the pathogenesis of VBD and WMH, which may help with the diagnosis and treatment of these cerebrovascular diseases in the future. Overview of pathological mechanisms underlying the association between intracranial arterial dolichoectasia (IADE) and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD).…”

Section: Matrix Metalloproteinasementioning

confidence: 64%

“…We studied 212 patients with vertigo who underwent multimodal MRI tests for VBD, LI, and WMH identification. Our results showed that the serum level of MMP-9 and the ratio of MMP-9/TIMP-1 levels were both significantly higher in vertigo patients with VBD and BA elongation compared to those with normal arterial size [ 50 ]. Our findings suggest MMP-9 and TIMP-1 may be involved in the pathogenesis of VBD and WMH, which may help with the diagnosis and treatment of these cerebrovascular diseases in the future.…”

Section: Mechanisms Underlying the Association Between Iade And Csvdmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between Intracranial Arterial Dolichoectasia and Cerebral Small Vessel Disease and Its Underlying Mechanisms

et al. 2020

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Intracranial arterial dolichoectasia (IADE), also known as dilatative arteriopathy of the brain vessels, refers to an increase in the length and diameter of at least one intracranial artery, and accounts for approximately 12% of all patients with stroke. However, the association of IADE with stroke is usually unclear. Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is characterized by pathological changes in the small vessels. Clinically, patients with CSVD can be asymptomatic or present with stroke or cognitive decline. In the past 20 years, a series of studies have strongly promoted an understanding of the association between IADE and CSVD from clinical and pathological perspectives. It has been proposed that IADE and CSVD may be attributed to abnormal vascular remodeling driven by an abnormal matrix metalloproteinase/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase pathway. Also, IADErelated hemodynamic changes may result in initiation or progression of CSVD. Additionally, genetic factors are implicated in the pathogenesis of IADE and CSVD. Patients with Fabry’s disease and late-onset Pompe’s disease are prone to developing concomitant IADE and CSVD, and patients with collagen IV alpha 1 or 2 gene (<i>COL4A1/COL4A2</i>) and forkhead box C1 (<i>FOXC1</i>) variants present with IADE and CSVD. Race, strain, familial status, and vascular risk factors may be involved in the pathogenesis of IADE and CSVD. As well, experiments in mice have pointed to genetic strain as a predisposing factor for IADE and CSVD. However, there have been few direct genetic studies aimed towards determining the association between IADE and CSVD. In the future, more clinical and basic research studies are needed to elucidate the causal relationship between IADE and CSVD and the related molecular and genetic mechanisms.

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Section: Matrix Metalloproteinasementioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Mechanisms Underlying the Association Between Iade And Csvdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Intracranial Arterial Dolichoectasia and Cerebral Small Vessel Disease and Its Underlying Mechanisms

et al. 2020

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“…Cerebral veins and CSF are also thought to be important compartments for compensating arterial pulse pressure (20). Second, we did not evaluate the MMP level, as a previous study suggested that MMP dysfunction could bridge large intracranial arterial outward remodeling and CSVD (21). Third, the measurement of intracranial artery calibers is affected by cardiac cycle and artery pulse and it might depend on the imaging time on MRA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caliber of Intracranial Arteries as a Marker for Cerebral Small Vessel Disease

Chen

et al. 2020

Front. Neurol.

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Background: The dilation of intracranial large arteries caliber, may transfer more hemodynamic burden to the downstream brain capillaries, which, in the long run, results in cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). This study aimed to investigate the relationship between intracranial artery calibers and small vessel disease. Methods: Patients with first-ever ischemic stroke of lacunar infarction subtype were enrolled via Nanjing Stroke Registry Program. An intracranial arterial Z-score, named the brain arterial remodeling (BAR) score, was calculated by averaging the calibers of the seven main intracranial arteries. Among the enrolled patients, those with a BAR score < −1 SD were deemed to have small intracranial artery calibers; those with a BAR score >1 SD were deemed to have large intracranial artery calibers and those with a between BAR score were deemed to have normal intracranial artery calibers. Imaging markers of CSVD, including lacuna, white matter hyperintensity (WMH), enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS) and cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) were rated and then summed to obtain a total CSVD score. Results: A total of 312 patients were involved in this study, patients with BAR score >1 SD were older (P = 0.039), and more prone to having a history of myocardial infarction (P = 0.033). The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient between the BAR score and total CSVD score is 0.320 (P < 0.001). Binary logistic regression found that BAR score >1 SD was correlated with lacuna (OR = 1.987; 95% CI, 1.037-3.807; P = 0.039); severe WMH (OR = 1.994; 95% CI, 1.003-3.964; P = 0.049); severe EPVS (OR = 2.544; 95% CI, 1.299-4.983; P = 0.006) and CSVD (OR = 2.997; 95% CI 1.182-7.599; P = 0.021). Ordinal logistic regression analysis found that age (OR = 1.028; 95% CI, 1.007-1.049; P = 0.009), hypertension (OR = 3.514; 95% CI, 2.114-5.769; P < 0.001) and BAR score >1 SD (OR = 2.418; 95% CI, 1.350-4.330; P = 0.003) were correlated with the total CSVD score. Conclusions: Patients with large intracranial arterial calibers may have heavier CSVD burden. The mechanisms of this association warrant further study.

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“…The curved segments of the BA were also taken into account. The BA actual length was measured along the centerline from the top of the BA to the junction of both VAs (18). The straightened length was measured by a linear distance between the top of the BA to the junction of both VAs (18).…”

Section: Mr Image Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The BA actual length was measured along the centerline from the top of the BA to the junction of both VAs (18). The straightened length was measured by a linear distance between the top of the BA to the junction of both VAs (18). The tortuosity of the BA was measured by the following formula (18): tortuosity = (actual length/ straightened length − 1) × 100.…”

Section: Mr Image Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Geometrical characteristics associated with atherosclerotic disease in the basilar artery: a magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging study

Deng

Zheng

et al. 2021

Quant Imaging Med Surg

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Background: Vascular geometry may play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between the geometrical characteristics of basilar artery (BA) and the presence, burden, and distribution of BA plaques using magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging.Methods: Patients with cerebrovascular symptoms in the posterior circulation were recruited and underwent magnetic resonance imaging. The BA's geometrical characteristics, including actual length, straightened length, tortuosity, lateral basilar artery-vertebral artery (VA) angle, lateral mid-BA angle, and BA convexity, were measured. The presence of plaques, stenosis, and plaque burden, including mean and maximal wall thickness, were evaluated. The BA's cross-sectional vessel wall was divided into 4 quadrants: dorsal, ventral, right, and left quadrant. The distribution of BA plaques was analyzed.Results: Of 344 recruited patients (mean age: 68.1±11.1 years; 200 males), 100 (29.1%) had BA plaques.Patients with BA plaques had higher tortuosity of the BA (13.6±9.0 vs. 9.7±7.7, P<0.001) compared to those without BA plaques. Multivariate regression analysis showed that tortuosity of the BA was associated with the presence of BA plaques (OR, 1.641; 95% CI, 1.232 to 2.186; P=0.001) and mean wall thickness (β, 0.045; 95% CI, 0.008 to 0.081; P=0.017). The plaque distribution in the left wall and right wall of BA was more frequent in patients with right (P=0.006) and left (P<0.001) convex BA, respectively.Conclusions: The BA's geometrical characteristics, particularly tortuosity and convexity, are independently associated with the presence, burden, and distribution of plaques in the BA.

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Basilar Artery Tortuosity Is Associated With White Matter Hyperintensities by TIMP-1

Cited by 15 publications

References 23 publications

Association between Intracranial Arterial Dolichoectasia and Cerebral Small Vessel Disease and Its Underlying Mechanisms

Association between Intracranial Arterial Dolichoectasia and Cerebral Small Vessel Disease and Its Underlying Mechanisms

Caliber of Intracranial Arteries as a Marker for Cerebral Small Vessel Disease

Geometrical characteristics associated with atherosclerotic disease in the basilar artery: a magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging study

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