Basic study of a new diagnostic modality by non-invasive measurement of the electrical impedance tomography (EIT) on localized tissues

Electronic hardware design of a low cost tactile sensor device for physical human-robot interactions

“…These inverse techniques are implemented in different technologies: Computed tomography (CT) [14] and CT Scan (CTS) for X-rays analysis, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) [15], Positron Emission Tomography (PET) [16] to detect pairs of gamma rays emitted as a result of the collision between positron-emitting radioisotope, Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) [17] and Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) [18] that estimate the capacitance and impedance distribution inside a conductive material by injecting currents from different locations on the boundary and measuring the resulting electric potential distribution on it.…”

Impedance-Based Detection of Tissue Using a Multi-Electrode Device

“…For single cells, the intra and extracellular fluid resistances are denoted R1 and R2, respectively [21]. There is also a capacitive element to the circuit (C1) due to the cellular membrane [21]. The cellular membrane is composed of a phospholipid bilayer, which is impenetrable by many ions and molecules [22].…”

“…For single cells, the intra and extracellular fluid resistances are denoted R1 and R2, respectively [21]. There is also a capacitive element to the circuit (C1) due to the cellular membrane [21].…”

“…A common equivalent circuit model of a single cell that can also be used for skin tissue is shown in Figure 7 [21]. For single cells, the intra and extracellular fluid resistances are denoted R1 and R2, respectively [21].…”

“…The skin equivalent circuit model consists of intra and extracellular fluid resistances (R1 and R2) and a capacitance associated with the cell membrane (C1) [21].…”