Basic Properties of PMMA Reinforced Using Ceramics Particles of ZrO₂-Al₂O₃-SiO₂ Coated with Two Types of Coupling Agents

Abstract

In this study, novel composites materials composed of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) reinforced ZrO2-Al2O3-SiO2 filler system were developed. Zirconia-alumina-silica filler system were synthesized through sol-gel technique. Chitosan and trimethoxypropilsilane (TMPS) were used to modify the composites system. The resulting composites material were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and hardness test. SEM images displayed the composites particles in nanometer size with minor agglomeration. The XRD results revealed the presence of cubic and tetragonal phase of zirconia and also monoclinic silica phases in the composites system. These crystallographic characteristic could affect the mechanical properties of the composites. The hardness value for un-modified composites was 15.27 ± 0.25 VHN and for TMPS 19.43 ± 1.89 VHN and chitosan modification 18.75 ± 2.05 VHN, respectively. Therefore, these novel composites materials composed of PMMA reinforced filler system of zirconia-alumina-silica would provide the potential to apply in dental technology.

Dielectric properties of PMMA/KCTO(H) composites for electronics components

“…Various in‐situ and/or ex‐situ approaches have been used to disperse excipients in the PMMA matrix. The main methods for effectively dispersing the filler powder in the polymer matrix are mentioned stirring on a magnetic stirrer and ultrasonic treatment, varying in time, power and number of repetitions, used at different stages of preparation 2–14 . Thus, in one of research, polymer matrix composites are obtained by efficient dispersion of inorganic nanofiller CaCu 3 Ti 4 O 12 in an organic PMMA matrix by in‐situ free radical polymerization initiated at 80 °C 2 .…”

Hardness evaluation of dental composites fabricated from the uniform size and well-distributed zirconia-alumina-silica fillers with sol-gel technique

“…9,10 Zirconia, alumina and silica were frequently used as a composite filler. 11 Zirconia possesses high strength due to the ability of transformation toughening. It require stabilization of its tetragonal crystalline to gain such ability.…”

“…13 Beside, Silica has lower mechanical properties, but owning the outstanding of translucency. 11 Good dispersion and good particle size distribution (uniform size) of filler ceramic within dental composite may effect the properties of dental composite. 9 ultrasonic homogenizer has been reported can retarded precipitation, change crystal character and change the particle size distribution or shape.…”

“…Hardness test is one of properties that is easy to conduct and well correlated with others mechanical properties. 11,13,15 This study propose to evaluate the hardness value of dental composite that made from uniform size and well-distributed filler ceramic ZrO 2 -Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 system with sol-gel technique.…”

Morphological characterization of ceramic fillers made from Indonesian natural sand as restorative dental materials

“…Zirconia and alumina are ceramic oxides, which are widely used in dentistry and often combined with silica for composite filler [2,3]. Transformation toughening mechanism, the ability to develop protection of the structure against crack propagation similar to those occurs in metals (stainless steel), is the reason behind its application [4,5]. This resulted in recent development of the combination of zirconia with other elements as raw materials in dentistry [6].…”