Basic hydrology, limnology, and meteorology of modern Lake El’gygytgyn, Siberia

Nolan, M.; Brigham‐Grette, Julie

doi:10.1007/s10933-006-9020-y

Cited by 124 publications

(215 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The dashed black lines indicate shorelines of the Middle Pleistocene (outer) and the Late Pleistocene (inner) according to Glushkova and Smirnov (2007). The dashed white line marks the lake level during the LGM according to Juschus et al (2011). lake, which is drained by 50 seasonally active inlet streams (Nolan and Brigham-Grette, 2007). In 2003, the active layer was about 0.4 m deep in peaty silts and reached 0.5-0.8 m in sand and gravels on the slopes.…”

Section: Geographical Setting Of El'gygytgyn Cratermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2003, the active layer was about 0.4 m deep in peaty silts and reached 0.5-0.8 m in sand and gravels on the slopes. The site is in the continuous permafrost zone (Yershov, 1998;Schwamborn et al, 2006Schwamborn et al, , 2008 with a MAAT (mean annual air temperature) of −10 • C at 3 m above the ground (Nolan and Brigham-Grette, 2007) and a MAGT (mean annual ground temperature) of −6.0 • C at 20 m depth (Motthagy et al, 2012). Permafrost thickness is estimated to be around 350 m based on borehole temperature measurements in hole 5011-3 (Mottaghy et al, 2012).…”

Section: Geographical Setting Of El'gygytgyn Cratermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Permafrost thickness is estimated to be around 350 m based on borehole temperature measurements in hole 5011-3 (Mottaghy et al, 2012). Air temperature extremes in 2003 ranged from −40 • C to 26 • C. Precipitation comprised 70 mm summer rainfall (June-September) and 110 mm water equivalent of snow (Nolan and Brigham-Grette, 2007). Humidity between September 2001 and August 2003 ranged from 17 % to 100 % with an average of 80 %; the most arid conditions were found in the summer months.…”

Section: Geographical Setting Of El'gygytgyn Cratermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Depositional dynamics in the El'gygytgyn Crater margin: implications for the 3.6 Ma old sediment archive

Schwamborn¹,

Fedorov²,

Ostanin³

et al. 2012

Clim. Past

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Abstract. The combination of permafrost history and dynamics, lake level changes and the tectonical framework is considered to play a crucial role for sediment delivery to El'gygytgyn Crater Lake, NE Russian Arctic. The purpose of this study is to propose a depositional framework based on analyses of the core strata from the lake margin and historical reconstructions from various studies at the site. A sedimentological program has been conducted using frozen core samples from the 141.5 m long El'gygytgyn 5011-3 permafrost well. The drill site is located in sedimentary permafrost west of the lake that partly fills the El'gygytgyn Crater. The total core sequence is interpreted as strata building up a progradational alluvial fan delta. Four macroscopically distinct sedimentary units are identified. Unit 1 (141.5-117.0 m) is comprised of ice-cemented, matrix-supported sandy gravel and intercalated sandy layers. Sandy layers represent sediments which rained out as particles in the deeper part of the water column under highly energetic conditions. Unit 2 (117.0-24.25 m) is dominated by ice-cemented, matrix-supported sandy gravel with individual gravel layers. Most of the Unit 2 diamicton is understood to result from alluvial wash and subsequent gravitational sliding of coarse-grained (sandy gravel) material on the basin slope. Unit 3 (24.25-8.5 m) has icecemented, matrix-supported sandy gravel that is interrupted by sand beds. These sandy beds are associated with flooding events and represent near-shore sandy shoals. Unit 4 (8.5-0.0 m) is ice-cemented, matrix-supported sandy gravel with varying ice content, mostly higher than below. It consists of slope material and creek fill deposits. The uppermost metre is the active layer (i.e. the top layer of soil with seasonal freeze and thaw) into which modern soil organic matter has been incorporated. The nature of the progradational sediment transport taking place from the western and northern crater margins may be related to the complementary occurrence of frequent turbiditic layers in the central lake basin, as is known from the lake sediment record. Slope processes such as gravitational sliding and sheet flooding occur especially during spring melt and promote mass wasting into the basin. Tectonics are inferred to have initiated the fan accumulation in the first place and possibly the off-centre displacement of the crater lake.

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Section: Geographical Setting Of El'gygytgyn Cratermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geographical Setting Of El'gygytgyn Cratermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geographical Setting Of El'gygytgyn Cratermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Depositional dynamics in the El'gygytgyn Crater margin: implications for the 3.6 Ma old sediment archive

Schwamborn¹,

Fedorov²,

Ostanin³

et al. 2012

Clim. Past

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The active layer is about 0.4 m deep in peaty silts and can reach 0.5-0.8 m in sand and gravels on the slopes. The site is in the continuous permafrost zone with a MAAT (mean annual air temperature) of −10 • C at 3 m above the ground (Nolan and Brigham-Grette, 2007). Air temperature extremes in 2002 ranged from −40 to +26 • C and precipitation comprised 70 mm of summer rainfall (June-September) and 110 mm water equivalent of snow (Nolan and Brigham-Grette, 2007).…”

Section: Environmental Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The site is in the continuous permafrost zone with a MAAT (mean annual air temperature) of −10 • C at 3 m above the ground (Nolan and Brigham-Grette, 2007). Air temperature extremes in 2002 ranged from −40 to +26 • C and precipitation comprised 70 mm of summer rainfall (June-September) and 110 mm water equivalent of snow (Nolan and Brigham-Grette, 2007). The MAGT (mean annual ground temperature) below the area of seasonal temperature cycling is −6.1 • C at 20 m depth with a total permafrost thickness between 330 and 360 m calculated from borehole temperature measurements at site 5011-3 (Mottaghy et al, 2013).…”

Section: Environmental Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Past freeze and thaw cycling in the margin of the El'gygytgyn crater deduced from a 141 m long permafrost record

Schwamborn

Meyer²,

Schirrmeister³

et al. 2014

Clim. Past

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Abstract. The continuous sediment record from Lake El'gygytgyn in the northeastern Eurasian Arctic spans the last 3.6 Ma and for much of this time permafrost dynamics and lake level changes have likely played a crucial role for sediment delivery to the lake. Changes in the ground-ice hydrochemical composition (δ 18 O, δD, pH, electrical conductivity, Na + , Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , K + , HCO − 3 , Cl − , SO − 4 ) of a 141 m long permafrost record from the western crater plain are examined to reconstruct repeated periods of freeze and thaw at the lake edge. Stable water isotope and major ion records of ground ice in the permafrost reflect both a synsedimentary palaeo-precipitation signal preserved in the near-surface permafrost (0.0-9.1 m core depth) and a post-depositional record of thawing and refreezing in deeper layers of the core (9.1-141.0 m core depth). These lake marginal permafrost dynamics were controlled by lake level changes that episodically flooded the surfaces and induced thaw in the underlying frozen ground. During times of lake level fall these layers froze over again. At least three cycles of freeze and thaw are identified and the hydrochemical data point to a vertical and horizontal talik refreezing through time. Past permafrost thaw and freeze may have destabilised the basin slopes of Lake El'gygytgyn and this has probably promoted the release of mass movements from the lake edge to the deeper basin as known from frequently occurring turbidite layers in the lake sediment column.

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Archaeal lipids reveal climate‐driven changes in microbial ecology at Lake El'gygytgyn (Far East Russia) during the Plio‐Pleistocene

Daniels

Castañeda

Salacup

et al. 2021

J Quaternary Science

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Isoprenoid glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (iGDGTs) are commonly preserved molecular biomarkers of archaea whose distributions can be used to reconstruct past temperature, and possibly, methane and nitrogen cycling. To date, iGDGT systematics have not been widely investigated in Arctic lacustrine environments. Here, we analyze iGDGTs in sediments of Lake El'gygytgyn, located in the Russian Arctic, to reconstruct the paleoenvironmental conditions from the Pliocene to today using TEX86 and other indices. The TEX86‐inferred temperature history shows a long‐term warming trend, in stark contrast to other Arctic records and other proxies from Lake El'gygytgyn, suggesting that non‐temperature factors obfuscate the use of TEX86 at this site. Other GDGT‐based indices including the BIT Index, ΔRing Index, Methane Index and the GDGT‐0/crenarchaeol ratio suggest that TEX86 is strongly influenced by archaeal community changes. The most significant community shifts are observed c. 2.4 Ma and record an increase in Euryarchaeota production and/or a decrease in Thaumarchaeota production, which was driven by the establishment of permafrost and perennial lake ice during the early Pleistocene. Overall, this study demonstrates an important interpretative framework for iGDGTs in lacustrine systems and describes variations in Arctic climate and lake biogeochemistry over timescales of thousands to millions of years.

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Basic hydrology, limnology, and meteorology of modern Lake El’gygytgyn, Siberia

Cited by 124 publications

References 30 publications

Depositional dynamics in the El'gygytgyn Crater margin: implications for the 3.6 Ma old sediment archive

Depositional dynamics in the El'gygytgyn Crater margin: implications for the 3.6 Ma old sediment archive

Past freeze and thaw cycling in the margin of the El'gygytgyn crater deduced from a 141 m long permafrost record

Archaeal lipids reveal climate‐driven changes in microbial ecology at Lake El'gygytgyn (Far East Russia) during the Plio‐Pleistocene

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