Basic Gynecologic Ultrasound Examination (Level I): DEGUM, ÖGUM, and SGUM Recommendations

Abstract

Ultrasound has become an essential diagnostic tool in gynecology, and every practicing gynecologist must be able to differentiate normal from pathologic findings, such as benign or malignant pelvic masses, adnexal torsion, pelvic inflammation disease, endometriosis, ectopic pregnancies, and congenital uterine malformations at least on a basic level. A standardized approach to the correct settings of the ultrasound system, the indications for gynecologic ultrasound investigations, and the sonographic appearance of normal anatomy and common pathologic findings in the standard planes are important prerequisites for safe and confident clinical management of gynecologic patients. Based on current publications and different national and international guidelines, updated DEGUM, ÖGUM, and SGUM recommendations for the performance of basic gynecologic ultrasound examinations were established.

Development and evaluation of a “simulator-based” ultrasound training program for university teaching in obstetrics and gynecology–the prospective GynSim study

“…It involved 5th year medical students that were randomized 1:1 to either receive a combination of theoretical teaching and hands-on training using an ultrasound simulator (study group) or to receive the theoretical lectures alone (control group). The contents of the course program were designed after taking into consideration the quality requirements for ultrasound examination in early and second-trimester pregnancy and the updated recommendations for the performance of basic gynecologic ultrasound examinations of the German Society for Ultrasound in Medicine (DEGUM) ( 1 – 3 ). The training sessions and evaluation tests took place at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany.…”

“…Ultrasound imaging, particularly transabdominal and transvaginal, is a critical diagnostic tool in Obstetrics and Gynecology (Ob/Gyn). Its non-invasive nature and excellent safety profile make it indispensable in clinical practice for differentiating between normal and pathological findings ( 1 – 3 ).…”

Systematic, noninvasive endometriosis diagnosis in transvaginal sonography by the Swiss Society of Ultrasound in Medicine

“…The anteflexed uterus should be visualized first sagittally with the tip of the TVS probe in the anterior vaginal fornix and the retroflexed uterus in the posterior vaginal fornix [17].…”

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“…In the field of gynecology, transvaginal ultrasound has made a valuable contribution to the diagnosis of tumors in the female pelvis [13,14]. Transvaginal 3D sonography enables the spatial imaging of inner walls in cystic tumors and tumor vascularization [6,15].…”

“…Auf dem Gebiet der Gynäkologie konnte die transvaginale Ultraschalldiagnostik einen wertvollen Beitrag bei der Abklärung von Tumoren im weiblichen Becken leisten [13,14]. Die transvagi-nale 3D-Sonografie ermöglicht dabei die räumliche Darstellung von Innenwänden bei zystischen Tumoren und der Tumorvaskularisation [6,15].…”