Basic characteristics of plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF): blood cell components and biological effects

Abstract

Platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) is widely used in regenerative medicine because of its high concentrations of various growth factors and platelets. However, the distribution of blood cell components has not been investigated in either PRP or other PRP derivatives. In this study, we focused on plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF), a PRP derivative, and analyzed the distributions of platelets and white blood cells (WBCs). Peripheral blood samples were collected from healthy volunteers (N = 14) and centrifuged to prepare PRGF and PRP. Blood cells were counted using an automated hematology analyzer. The effects of PRP and PRGF preparations on cell proliferation were determined using human periosteal cells. In the PRGF preparations, both red blood cells and WBCs were almost completely eliminated, and platelets were concentrated by 2.84‐fold, whereas in the PRP preparations, both platelets and WBCs were similarly concentrated by 8.79‐ and 5.51‐fold, respectively. Platelet counts in the PRGF preparations were positively correlated with platelet counts in the whole blood samples, while the platelet concentration rate was negatively correlated with red blood cell counts in the whole blood samples. In contrast, platelet counts and concentration rates in the PRP preparations were significantly influenced by WBC counts in whole blood samples. The PRP preparations, but not the PRGF preparations, significantly suppressed cell growth at higher doses in vitro. Therefore, these results suggest that PRGF preparations can clearly be distinguished from PRP preparations by both inclusion of WBCs and dose‐dependent stimulation of periosteal cell proliferation in vitro.

Plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) in non-surgical periodontal therapy: a randomized clinical trial

“…Both erythrocytes and leukocytes were almost completely eliminated in the process of preparation and the platelets were significantly concentrated by 2.84 fold. 30 The antimicrobial activity of PRGF has been demonst rated by its effect against the four staphylococci strains, reaching its maximum during the first few hours after application. 31 Few studies which showed anti-microbial effect of pure platelet-rich plasma (P-PRP) against Enterococcus faecalis, Candida albicans, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus oralis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, showed that P-PRP inhibited the growth of all 3 strains but not of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.…”

The effectiveness of biopolymers application for cryopreservation of the fragments of convoluted seminiferous tubules of prepubertal rat’s testis

“…Fibrin gel is a biological material that can be used in the autologous system and is a high-density fibrin network that includes a large number of biologically active compounds, the main of which are PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor), TGF (transforming growth factor), FGF (fibroblast growth factor) and IGF (insulin-like growth factor) [31]. These growth factors can affect the metabolic processes of cells and play a major role in regulating the process of reparation and regeneration.…”

PRGF-Modified Collagen Membranes for Guided Bone Regeneration: Spectroscopic, Microscopic and Nano-Mechanical Investigations

“…On the other hand, plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) of autologous origin have previously been demonstrated to introduce several advantages, including the enhancement and acceleration of bone regeneration and, additionally, fast and predictable soft tissue healing [18][19][20][21]. Once the platelets become activated, the growth factors and cytokines within the alpha and dense granules are released.…”