Baseline <scp>Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal</scp> Axis and Parasympathetic Nervous System Activity Interact to Predict Executive Functions in <scp>Low‐Income</scp> Children

Braren, Stephen H.; Brandes‐Aitken, Annie; Perry, Rosemarie E.; Williams, K.T.; Lyons, Krystalle; Rowe-Harriott, Sashana; Blair, Clancy

doi:10.1111/mbe.12267

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 22 publications

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“…However, little research has taken a multisystem perspective in exploring the associations between physiological regulation and variations in executive functioning. As a notable exception utilizing a different analytic approach, a recent study found that while neither indicator predicted executive functioning alone, baseline cortisol (and index of HPA activation) and respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA; an indication of PNS activation) interacted to predict executive functioning such that children who had combined responses of lower RSA and lower cortisol at rest or higher RSA and higher cortisol at rest had higher executive functioning scores compared to children with low resting RSA and high resting cortisol (Braren et al, 2020).…”

Section: Implementing a Multisystem Physiology Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental consequences of early life stress on risk for psychopathology: Longitudinal associations with children's multisystem physiological regulation and executive functioning

et al. 2021

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The etiology of psychopathology is multifaceted and warrants consideration of factors at multiple levels and across developmental time. Although experiences of adversity in early life have been associated with increased risk of developing psychopathology, pathways toward maladaptation or resilience are complex and depend upon a variety of factors, including individuals’ physiological regulation and cognitive functioning. Therefore, in a longitudinal cohort of 113 mother–child dyads, we explored associations from early adverse experiences to physiological coregulation across multiple systems and subsequent variations in executive functioning. Latent profile analysis derived multisystem profiles based on children's heart rate, respiratory sinus arrhythmia, pre-ejection period, and cortisol measured during periods of rest and reactivity throughout a developmentally challenging protocol. Three distinct profiles of multisystem regulation emerged: heightened multisystem baseline activity (anticipatory arousal/ autonomic nervous system [ANS] responder), typically adaptive patterns across all systems (active copers/mobilizers), and heightened hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis activity (HPA axis responders). Path models revealed that children exposed to adversity before 18 months were more likely to evidence an anticipatory arousal/ANS responders response at 36 months, and children in this profile had lower executive functioning scores than the active copers/mobilizers. In sum, these findings provide important information about potential physiological associations linking early adversity to variations in children's task-based executive functioning.

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Section: Implementing a Multisystem Physiology Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental consequences of early life stress on risk for psychopathology: Longitudinal associations with children's multisystem physiological regulation and executive functioning

et al. 2021

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Allostasis, health, and development in Latin America

Migeot,

Panesso,

Duran-Aniotz

et al. 2024

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

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Music Education and Neurophysiological Regulation in Early Childhood: Should Teachers Guide or Get Out of the Way?

Brown

Holochwost

Wolf³

et al. 2023

Mind Brain and Education

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Access to high‐quality early music education programs may mitigate the effects of poverty on the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, but fundamental questions remain about the role of early educators in conveying these benefits. In the current study, we measured the basal or resting cortisol levels of 76 children (Mage = 4.17 years; 42% female) over the course of the school day while they attended a Head Start preschool that included early music education classes. The results of a series of hierarchical linear models (HLMs) indicated that child‐directed music and movement activities during these classes were associated with lower levels of cortisol (relative to teacher‐directed activities; B = −0.019, p = .013), as were higher quality teacher–child interactions (B = −0.018, p = .013); both associations were moderated by child age. We discuss the implications of these results for future educational neuroscience research that seeks to inform early education programs for young children placed at risk by poverty.

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Baseline Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal Axis and Parasympathetic Nervous System Activity Interact to Predict Executive Functions in Low‐Income Children

Cited by 3 publications

References 22 publications

Developmental consequences of early life stress on risk for psychopathology: Longitudinal associations with children's multisystem physiological regulation and executive functioning

Developmental consequences of early life stress on risk for psychopathology: Longitudinal associations with children's multisystem physiological regulation and executive functioning

Allostasis, health, and development in Latin America

Music Education and Neurophysiological Regulation in Early Childhood: Should Teachers Guide or Get Out of the Way?

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