Allostasis, health, and development in Latin America

Migeot, Joaquín; Panesso, Carolina; Duran-Aniotz, Claudia; Ávila-Rincón, Cristian; Ochoa, Carolina; Huepe, David; Santamaría-García, Hernando; Miranda, J. Jaime; Escobar, María Josefina; Pina-Escudero, Stefanie; Romero-Ortuno, Roman; Lawlor, Brian; Ibáñez, Agustín; Lipina, Sebastián

doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105697

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 140 publications

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“…Additionally, studies on the impact of the social environment, such as that by Choi et al (2024) , highlight how specific neighborhood characteristics, such as socioeconomic deprivation and disorder, can increase the risk of dementia, mediated in part by subjective loneliness. This link underscores the importance of considering how urban environments and socialization dynamics influence mental health at all life stages ( Ibanez et al, 2024 ; Migeot et al, 2024 ). The ECSS-20 ability to capture variations in the perception of environmental stress could be crucial not only for a better understanding of mental health disorders in youth but also for exploring longitudinal connections with cognitive risks in later life stages, influenced by social isolation and neighborhood conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Development and validation of the Environmental Confinement Stressors Scale (ECSS-20)

Santibáñez-Palma,

Ferrer-Urbina,

Sepúlveda-Páez

et al. 2024

Front. Psychol.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has generated a global crisis with severe consequences for public health. There have been negative impacts on people’s quality of life and mental health due to various stressors arising in this context, such as physical, social, economic, and psychological challenges. Noteworthy among these are the indirect effects of health measures, especially social distancing and confinement, which have significantly altered people’s daily lives and social activities, producing high levels of anxiety, depression, and stress. This study proposes developing and validating a cross-sectional scale called the “Environmental Stressors Scale (ECSS-20)” to address the need to measure the impact of environmental stressors during confinement. The scale, which has been validated following ethical and methodological guidelines, consists of four dimensions: economic stressors (EE), social activities (SA), habitability (H), and exposure to virtual media (EMV). A pilot study (n = 113) and a main study (n = 314) were applied. The results showed that the instrument has a reliable and valid structure, with satisfactory internal consistency and factorial validity. Likewise, gender invariance tests supported its suitability for its applicability to women and men. Overall, the ECSS-20 is a valuable instrument for assessing the impact of confinement and improving the understanding of people’s subjective experiences in this situation. Future research could further develop its applicability in different contexts and populations to better understand its usefulness and psychometric properties.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Development and validation of the Environmental Confinement Stressors Scale (ECSS-20)

Santibáñez-Palma,

Ferrer-Urbina,

Sepúlveda-Páez

et al. 2024

Front. Psychol.

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“…Here we draw a sample from a specific region that may not be representative of other geographic or ethnic populations, as cultural lifestyle and environmental stressors can influence both cardiometabolic health, brain structure and function, as well as increased allostatic load (Migeot et al, 2024). Thus, further studies can use data considering the recent efforts to increase diversity in structural and functional age-related brain measures (Hernandez et al, 2024; Prado et al, 2023), Migeot et al, 2024). Additionally, our analyses were done in a cross-sectional sample which makes causal relationships elusive, requiring longitudinal data to explore the temporal relationship between cardiometabolic state, WMHs, with brain structure and function.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiometabolic state links neurovascular burden with brain structure and function across age: evidence from EEG and MRI

Franco-O’Byrne,

Castro-Laguardia,

Delgado

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Aging affects brain structure and function alongside metabolic and vascular processes leading to energetic impairments. While local neurometabolic dysfunction in aging is well-documented, the influence of systemic cardiometabolic and vascular markers on brain structure and function remains less understood. We examine the link between cardiometabolic dysfunction (measured by an allostatic load index) and neurovascular burden (measured by white matter hyperintensities) with brain changes, including ventricular and hippocampal volume, as well as EEG activity, across age. Analyzing data from 196 healthy individuals across age (20-75 years), we found a significant positive correlation between allostatic load index and white-matter hyperintensities, irrespective of age. White-matter hyperintensities are also positively linked with ventricular enlargement, but not hippocampal atrophy. The allostatic load index mediated the relationship between white-matter hyperintensities and ventricular volume. Regarding brain function, changes in the spectral aperiodic exponent but not periodic alpha power were linked to white-matter hyperintensities and the allostatic load index. Such index mediated the relationship between spectral aperiodic exponent and white-matter hyperintensities. Thus, findings suggest that the cardiometabolic state, as measured by an allostatic load index, plays a crucial role in brain health across age, particularly influencing ventricular enlargement and increased aperiodic activity.

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Educational disparities in brain health and dementia across Latin America and the United States

Gonzalez‐Gomez,

Legaz,

Moguilner

et al. 2024

Alzheimer's & Dementia

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BACKGROUNDEducation influences brain health and dementia. However, its impact across regions, specifically Latin America (LA) and the United States (US), is unknown.METHODSA total of 1412 participants comprising controls, patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) from LA and the US were included. We studied the association of education with brain volume and functional connectivity while controlling for imaging quality and variability, age, sex, total intracranial volume (TIV), and recording type.RESULTSEducation influenced brain measures, explaining 24%–98% of the geographical differences. The educational disparities between LA and the US were associated with gray matter volume and connectivity variations, especially in LA and AD patients. Education emerged as a critical factor in classifying aging and dementia across regions.DISCUSSIONThe results underscore the impact of education on brain structure and function in LA, highlighting the importance of incorporating educational factors into diagnosing, care, and prevention, and emphasizing the need for global diversity in research.Highlights Lower education was linked to reduced brain volume and connectivity in healthy controls (HCs), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). Latin American cohorts have lower educational levels compared to the those in the United States. Educational disparities majorly drive brain health differences between regions. Educational differences were significant in both conditions, but more in AD than FTLD. Education stands as a critical factor in classifying aging and dementia across regions.

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Allostasis, health, and development in Latin America

Cited by 5 publications

References 140 publications

Development and validation of the Environmental Confinement Stressors Scale (ECSS-20)

Development and validation of the Environmental Confinement Stressors Scale (ECSS-20)

Cardiometabolic state links neurovascular burden with brain structure and function across age: evidence from EEG and MRI

Educational disparities in brain health and dementia across Latin America and the United States

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