“…As they've attempted to restore for themselves their own sense of certainty, my friends described how they have done so largely by drawing upon the affordances provided by the state, while also going beyond institutional limitations. By repurposing bike chains as belts rather than using them as designated by the transportation revolution, and, especially, by organizing their own social networks and practices-what the literature on Cuba references as a move towards sociolismo and away from socialismo (Brotherton, 2005;Eastman, 2007;Gold, 2014;Wilson, 2014). A sort of "buddy socialism" which is neither new in its appearance across Cuba's history (Brotherton, 2003, p.203-4;Eckstein, 2003, p.21), nor is it necessarily unique to the island with countries such as Russia experiencing a similar phenomenon (Humphrey, 2002;Ledeneva, 2006;Makovicky & Henig, 2017).…”