Basalt FRP Spike Repairing of Wood Beams

Abstract

This article describes aspects within an experimental program aimed at improving the structural performance of cracked solid fir-wood beams repaired with Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer (BFRP) spikes. Fir wood is characterized by its low density, low compression strength, and high level of defects, and it is likely to distort when dried and tends to fail under tension due to the presence of cracks, knots, or grain deviation. The proposed repair technique consists of the insertion of BFRP spikes into timber beams to restore the continuity of cracked sections. The experimental efforts deal with the evaluation of the bending strength and deformation properties of 24 timber beams. An artificially simulated cracking was produced by cutting the wood beams in half or notching. The obtained results for the repaired beams were compared with those of solid undamaged and damaged beams, and increases of beam capacity, bending strength and of modulus of elasticity, and analysis of failure modes was discussed. For notched beams, the application of the BFRP spikes was able to restore the original bending capacity of undamaged beams, while only a small part of the original capacity was recovered for beams that were cut in half.

Strengthening of Full-Scale Laminated Veneer Lumber Beams with CFRP Sheets

“…A commonly used technique to reinforce or repair bent wooden (solid or glued) beams is the introduction of additional elements withing existing structures [ 1 , 2 ]. The additional elements may include bars [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ], laminates [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ], meshes [ 14 ] or sheets [ 15 ]. These elements may be made of steel [ 16 ] or composites reinforced with carbon [ 17 , 18 , 19 ], glass, basalt and aramid fibers.…”

Ángel alado del Panteón familiar Pau-Simó (Cementerio General de Valencia). Casuística de deterioro y tratamiento restaurativo

“…Este mortero fue coloreado en masa, con un añadido del 0,25% de pigmentos inorgánicos (tierras y óxidos de hierro), consiguiendo así el tono más acorde con la piedra Este proceso se centró en el diseño de un nuevo sistema de espigas que se ajustara a los huecos y/o cajas de ensamblaje localizadas en los omóplatos de la figura y en la base de las alas. Durante el proceso, se barajaron diferentes alternativas de espiga, pero finalmente se decidió usar un sistema que fuera reversible, compatible con el soporte pétreo y fiable mecánicamente (Berge et al 2009;Kourkoulis y Pasiou 2009;Rahbar et al 2010;Ting Tan et al 2011;Mas-Barberà y Duréndez 2011;Kourkoulis et al 2012;Michel et al 2012;Righetti et al 2015;Chmielewski y Kruszka 2015;Rosewitz et al 2016;Abdullah y Abdul Kadir 2016). En definitiva, se trataba de plantear una alternativa respecto a los refuerzos convencionales donde se emplean espigas y adhesivos termoestables de un modo permanente.…”