Basal cell carcinoma of the scalp with destruction and invasion into the calvarium and dura mater: Report of 7 cases and review of literature

Kwon, Churl‐Su; Awar, Omar Al; Ripa, Valeria; Said, Ghassan; Ročka, Saulius

doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2017.09.028

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…When managing scalp BCC, surgeons should be cognizant of the potential for direct invasion of BCC into the calvarium . Although the risk of intracranial invasion of BCC is estimated to be only 0.03%, aggressive forms of BCC (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only 2.6% of BCC cases involve the scalp . Invasion of the calvarium by scalp BCC occurs only occasionally and intracranial invasion is even rarer . Nevertheless, radiographic imaging modalities are useful to assess such invasions and may be key in determining a surgical plan, especially when evaluating potential cortical bone and diploic space invasion .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Incongruent radiographic indication of calvarial metastatic diploic space invasion with absent histologic findings in a patient with basal cell carcinoma of the scalp

et al. 2020

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Background Radiographic imaging is often used to determine basal cell carcinoma (BCC) extension and invasion and to define a surgical plan. However, imaging modalities may overestimate tumor invasion and lead to unnecessarily aggressive treatment. Methods A 77‐year‐old woman was seen with a growing BCC of the scalp with MRI imaging indicative of calvarial diploic space invasion. The patient underwent Mohs surgery followed by a parietal craniectomy. Results Contrary to the MRI findings, histological evaluation of the cortical parietal calvarium and the diploic space did not demonstrate BCC. Conclusions Surgeons should be wary of diploic space changes in the absence of cortical erosion demonstrated in MRI as it may not explicitly indicate tumor invasion. Biopsy of the diploe is necessary in such cases to determine the surgical course and to avoid morbidity associated with calvarium removal.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incongruent radiographic indication of calvarial metastatic diploic space invasion with absent histologic findings in a patient with basal cell carcinoma of the scalp

et al. 2020

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“…According to a PubMed search, there are only 13 cases of BCC of the scalp with intracranial tumour invasion described in the world literature till now. Local excision of the scalp in combination with craniectomy with dural resection (if needed) is the standard surgical treatment in such cases [ 21 ]. It is followed by reconstruction of the bone defects (cranioplasty) using fascial graft for dura mater, and bone cement (calcium hydroxyapatite) and titanium mesh for the skull [ 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successful Craniotomy for Advanced Basal Cell Carcinomas with Cranial Bone Invasion and Dura Mater Infiltration - Unique Presentation in a Bulgarian Patient

Kondoff¹,

Drenchev

Lotti

et al. 2018

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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BACKGROUND:Basal cell carcinomas (BCC) located in the sun-exposed regions are a serious therapeutic challenge. Therefore early diagnosis and adequate therapy should be of a high priority for every dermatologic surgeon.CASE PRESENTATION:We are presenting a patient with multiple BCCs, located on the area of the scalp, who had been treated several years ago with electrocautery and curettage after histopathological verification. However, the last few years the tumours have advanced, infiltrating firstly the tabula external and a year later the tabula interna of the cranium. A computed -tomography (CT) imaging and radiography of the skull were performed to reveal the definite tumour localisation, needed for planning an one - step surgical intervention. Both of the instrumental examinations confirmed the existence of osteolytic tumour lesions. Craniotomy with precise removal of the BCCs infiltrating the cranial bone in all of its thickness was performed. Partial resection of dura mater was also performed also because intraoperative findings established the involvement of the dura. Histopathological verification revealed bone and dural invasion with clean resection margins. The bone defect was recovered with hydroxyapatite cement. Reconstruction as the shape of the skull was carefully modified and adapted to its initial size and form. Layered closure of the skin and soft tissues were performed after the complete removal of the BCCs. The postoperative period had no serious complications.CONCLUSION:Precisely managed therapy of BCC is curative in most of the cases as it ensures good prognosis for the patient.

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“…2). 22,41 New systemic drugs (such as the Hedgehog pathway inhibitors vismodegib and sonidegib) currently represent an important option that can change the therapeutic algorithm and the prognosis of these patients 42 …”

Section: Basal Cell Carcinomamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Side‐to‐side closure can be applied in all cases without high tension. Surgical excision of locally advanced, deep‐infiltrating or giant STs may require a multidisciplinary approach involving otolaryngologists, head, neck and plastic surgeons and neurosurgeons 22 . Major surgical closures sometimes involve the use of skin grafts, complex flaps and free flap techniques, even though associated with possible complications (i.e.…”

Section: Different Strategies Of Treatment and Wound Healingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malignant cutaneous tumours of the scalp: always remember to examine the head

Dika

Patrizi

Veronesi

et al. 2020

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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Around 2% of cutaneous neoplasms arise in the scalp (scalp tumours: STs). They can be classified as primary STs (epithelial, melanocytic and adnexal) or metastatic (from distal tumours or as a spreading from contiguous structures). This anatomic location is usually poorly examined during dermatological consultations, also due to the presence of the hair cover. Moreover, self-examination of the hair-covered skin is often harder for the patient. The peculiar features of the scalp may explain the worse prognosis of STs compared with neoplasms of other locations. The hair coverage protects the scalp from UV radiations, but due to the complex pathogenesis of STs, they may also develop in younger patients. Until now, STs have been not extensively investigated in the dermatological literature, and most publications are written by otolaryngologists, or by head, neck and plastic surgeons. Thus, dermatologists above all have the opportunity and the task to explore the scalp carefully, with the opportunity to make an early diagnosis, possibly changing the patient's prognosis. The aim of this paper was to review the main STs in order to increase awareness among dermatology specialists.

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Basal cell carcinoma of the scalp with destruction and invasion into the calvarium and dura mater: Report of 7 cases and review of literature

Cited by 13 publications

References 25 publications

Incongruent radiographic indication of calvarial metastatic diploic space invasion with absent histologic findings in a patient with basal cell carcinoma of the scalp

Incongruent radiographic indication of calvarial metastatic diploic space invasion with absent histologic findings in a patient with basal cell carcinoma of the scalp

Successful Craniotomy for Advanced Basal Cell Carcinomas with Cranial Bone Invasion and Dura Mater Infiltration - Unique Presentation in a Bulgarian Patient

Malignant cutaneous tumours of the scalp: always remember to examine the head

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