Baru Almonds Increase the Activity of Glutathione Peroxidase in Overweight and Obese Women: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Souza, Rávila Graziany Machado de; Gomes, Ana L.; Navarro, Anderson Marliere; Cunha, Luíz Carlos da; Silva, Marina Alves Coelho; Barbosa, Fernando; Mota, João Felipe

doi:10.3390/nu11081750

Cited by 19 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Improvement in adiponectin levels with pistachio supplementation (20% of diet energy) has been observed in humans with metabolic syndrome [126], as well as a walnut-rich meal in healthy individuals [114]. However, supplementation of 20 g baru almonds for 8 weeks among obese and overweight individuals did not improve adiponectin levels [127], nor did mixed nuts supplementation [64] or a 48 g walnuts smoothie in patients with obesity [65]. A systematic review concluded that different nut doses (studies ranged from 0.5 to 128 g/day) do not increase levels of adiponectin (−0.60 mg/dL; 95% CI = −1.88 to 0.68) [115].…”

Section: Adiponectinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adipokines and Adipose Tissue-Related Metabolites, Nuts and Cardiovascular Disease

Weschenfelder¹,

Quadros²,

Santos³

et al. 2020

Metabolites

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Adipose tissue is a complex structure responsible for fat storage and releasing polypeptides (adipokines) and metabolites, with systemic actions including body weight balance, appetite regulation, glucose homeostasis, and blood pressure control. Signals sent from different tissues are generated and integrated in adipose tissue; thus, there is a close connection between this endocrine organ and different organs and systems such as the gut and the cardiovascular system. It is known that functional foods, especially different nuts, may be related to a net of molecular mechanisms contributing to cardiometabolic health. Despite being energy-dense foods, nut consumption has been associated with no weight gain, weight loss, and lower risk of becoming overweight or obese. Several studies have reported beneficial effects after nut consumption on glucose control, appetite suppression, metabolites related to adipose tissue and gut microbiota, and on adipokines due to their fatty acid profile, vegetable proteins, l-arginine, dietary fibers, vitamins, minerals, and phytosterols. The aim of this review is to briefly describe possible mechanisms implicated in weight homeostasis related to different nuts, as well as studies that have evaluated the effects of nut consumption on adipokines and metabolites related to adipose tissue and gut microbiota in animal models, healthy individuals, and primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention.

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Section: Adiponectinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adipokines and Adipose Tissue-Related Metabolites, Nuts and Cardiovascular Disease

Weschenfelder¹,

Quadros²,

Santos³

et al. 2020

Metabolites

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“…ACS is a subcategory of coronary artery disease (CAD), which has characteristic symptoms and is often associated with AMI [2] (Figure 1). observational studies [25], and randomized trials [26][27][28][29][30][31][32] suggest the potential benefit of including different nuts in the diet to improve biomarkers of oxidative stress. This article has briefly discussed the role of oxidative stress in the genesis of atherosclerosis and ACS, and has assessed studies that have evaluated the effect of dietary nut supplementation on oxidative stress parameters in the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases.…”

Section: The Role Of Oxidative Stress In the Development Of Atherosclmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A placebo-controlled, parallel randomized clinical trial (RCT) [26] of 46 overweight and obese women, divided into two groups (normocaloric and isoenergetic diet + placebo [PLA] or normocaloric and isoenergetic diet + 20 g of Baru nuts [BARU]), found that after eight weeks of intervention, the BARU group showed a significant increase in the GPx activity in comparison to the PLA group (+0.08 U/mg, 95% CI 0.05-0.12; vs. −0.07 U/mg, 95% CI −0.12 to −0.03, p < 0.01) accompanied by an increase in the plasma copper concentration (p = 0.037). However, no differences were observed in CAT, SOD activity or MDA concentration between groups.…”

Section: Nuts and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers: Studies In Primary Carmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nutrients show antioxidant activities, especially vitamin E and phenolic compounds [9], with nuts standing out as a source of both [10]. In vitro studies [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18], animal models [19][20][21][22][23][24], observational studies [25], and randomized trials [26][27][28][29][30][31][32] suggest the potential benefit of including different nuts in the diet to improve biomarkers of oxidative stress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oxidative Stress Biomarkers, Nut-Related Antioxidants, and Cardiovascular Disease

Santos¹,

Quadros²,

Weschenfelder³

et al. 2020

Nutrients

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Atherosclerosis is related to fat accumulation in the arterial walls and vascular stiffening, and results in acute coronary syndrome which is commonly associated with acute myocardial infarction. Oxidative stress participates in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Thus, the inclusion of food sources of dietary antioxidants, such as different kinds of nuts, may improve biomarkers related to oxidative stress, contributing to a possible reduction in atherosclerosis progression. This article has briefly highlighted the interaction between oxidative stress, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease, in addition to the effect of the consumption of different nuts and related dietary antioxidants—like polyphenols and vitamin E—on biomarkers of oxidative stress in primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention. Studies in vitro suggest that nuts may exert antioxidant effects by DNA repair mechanisms, lipid peroxidation prevention, modulation of the signaling pathways, and inhibition of the MAPK pathways through the suppression of NF-κB and activation of the Nrf2 pathways. Studies conducted in animal models showed the ability of dietary nuts in improving biomarkers of oxidative stress, such as oxLDL and GPx. However, clinical trials in humans have not been conclusive, especially with regards to the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.

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“…In this regard, it has been shown that several proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1, -6, and -8, have been reported to upregulate the secretion of MPO [13]. The expression of MPO was strongly associated in the gingival tissue and endothelial cells during periodontitis [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Myeloperoxidase Levels on Periodontal Disease: An Applied Clinical Study

et al. 2020

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In this trial, we evaluated the influence on plasma and salivary myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels of periodontal health, coronary heart disease (CHD), periodontitis, or both periodontitis and CHD. Clinical and periodontal parameters were collected from periodontitis patients (n = 31), CHD patients (n = 31), patients with both periodontitis and CHD (n = 31), and from healthy patients (n = 31) together with saliva and plasma samples. The median concentrations of salivary and plasma MPO were statistically higher in the CHD patients [plasma: 26.2 (18.2–34.4) ng/mg; saliva 83.2 (77.4–101.5) ng/mL, p < 0.01] and in the periodontitis plus CHD patients [plasma: 27.8 (22.5–35.7) ng/mg; saliva 85.6 (76.5–106.7) ng/mL, p < 0.001] with respect to periodontitis and control patients. Through a univariate regression analysis, c-reactive protein (CRP) and CHD (both p < 0.001) and periodontitis (p = 0.024) were statistically correlated with MPO in plasma. The multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that only CRP was statistically the predictor of MPO in plasma (p < 0.001). The multivariate regression analysis in saliva demonstrated that, regarding MPO levels the only predictors were CRP (p < 0.001) and total cholesterol (p = 0.035). The present study evidenced that subjects with CHD and periodontitis plus CHD had higher plasma and salivary levels of MPO compared to subjects with periodontitis and healthy controls.

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Baru Almonds Increase the Activity of Glutathione Peroxidase in Overweight and Obese Women: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Cited by 19 publications

References 34 publications

Adipokines and Adipose Tissue-Related Metabolites, Nuts and Cardiovascular Disease

Adipokines and Adipose Tissue-Related Metabolites, Nuts and Cardiovascular Disease

Oxidative Stress Biomarkers, Nut-Related Antioxidants, and Cardiovascular Disease

Influence of Myeloperoxidase Levels on Periodontal Disease: An Applied Clinical Study

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