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AbstractWe study the eect of dierent types of barriers to innovation (nancial, demand, knowledge, market, cooperation, and regulatory barriers) on rm level innovation inputs and outputs. Using a pooled sample of three Chilean innovation surveys, based on an instrumental variables approach, we nd that the probability of generating innovation outcomes is signicantly reduced by demand and nancial barriers. Regarding inputs for innovation, we nd a clear negative relationship between nancial and demand obstacles and the propensity to incur (non-R&D) innovation expenditures, but not with its intensity. We also provide evidence of heterogeneous eects across sectors, nding that knowledge obstacles are relevant for manufacturing and market structure obstacles for services, while demand and nancial obstacles appear to matter across the board.