Barriers in Latin America for the management of locally advanced breast cancer

Pinto, Joseph A.; Pinillos, Luis; Villarreal‐Garza, Cynthia; Morante, Zaida; Villarán, Manuel V; Mejía, Gerson; Caglevic, Christian; Aguilar, Alfredo; Fajardo, Williams; Usuga, Franz; Carrasco, Marcia; Rebaza, Pamela; Posada, Ana M.; Tirado-Hurtado, Indira; Flores, Claudio; Vallejos, Carlos S.

doi:10.3332/ecancer.2019.897

Cited by 29 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…Several factors influence the variations in breast cancer death certification across Latin American countries. These factors include a high burden of locally advanced/advanced breast cancer, inadequate access to healthcare resources, deficient access to specialized cancer care, and insufficient research [21]. Peru has a fragmented healthcare system with five major providers that have independent system structures and offer healthcare through different plans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast cancer mortality trends in Peruvian women

et al. 2020

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Background Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy in Latin American women, but with a wide variability with respect to their mortality. This study aims to estimate the mortality rates from BC in Peruvian women and to assess mortality trends over 15 years. Methods We calculated BC age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) per 100,000 women-years using the world standard SEGI population. We estimated joinpoint regression models for BC in Peru and its geographical areas. The spatial analysis was performed using the Moran’s I statistic. Results In a 15-year period, Peru had a mortality rate of 9.97 per 100,000 women-years. The coastal region had the highest mortality rate (12.15 per 100,000 women-years), followed by the highlands region (4.71 per 100,000 women-years). In 2003, the highest ASMR for BC were in the provinces of Lima, Arequipa, and La Libertad (above 8.0 per 100,000 women-years), whereas in 2017, the highest ASMR were in Tumbes, Callao, and Moquegua (above 13.0 per women-years). The mortality trend for BC has been declining in the coastal region since 2005 (APC = − 1.35, p < 0.05), whereas the highlands region experienced an upward trend throughout the study period (APC = 4.26, p < 0.05). The rainforest region had a stable trend. Spatial analysis showed a Local Indicator of Spatial Association of 0.26 (p < 0.05). Conclusion We found regional differences in the mortality trends over 15 years. Although the coastal region experienced a downward trend, the highlands had an upward mortality trend in the entire study period. It is necessary to implement tailored public health interventions to reduce BC mortality in Peru.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast cancer mortality trends in Peruvian women

et al. 2020

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“…Breast cancer is a common cancer in women worldwide with increasing incidence and mortality rates. In Latin America, 200,000 women are diagnosed with breast cancer per year, with more than 52,000 deaths annually [1,2,3]. The high incidence and mortality rate of this disease have led to an increase in research meant to combat this public health issue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Molecular Mechanism of Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition for Breast Carcinogenesis

Chu

Yiang

et al. 2019

Biomolecules

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The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway plays multiple regulatory roles in the tumorigenesis and development of cancer. TGF-β can inhibit the growth and proliferation of epithelial cells and induce apoptosis, thereby playing a role in inhibiting breast cancer. Therefore, the loss of response in epithelial cells that leads to the inhibition of cell proliferation due to TGF-β is a landmark event in tumorigenesis. As tumors progress, TGF-β can promote tumor cell invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. At present, the above-mentioned role of TGF-β is related to the interaction of multiple signaling pathways in the cell, which can attenuate or abolish the inhibition of proliferation and apoptosis-promoting effects of TGF-β and enhance its promotion of tumor progression. This article focuses on the molecular mechanisms through which TGF-β interacts with multiple intracellular signaling pathways in tumor progression and the effects of these interactions on tumorigenesis.

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“…Some of the reasons for this difference could be a lack of awareness about the disease, inadequate access to medical resources and specialized cancer care, and economic constraints. 13 , 14 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Years of Potential Life Lost Because of Breast and Cervical Cancers in Guatemala

Kihn-Alarcón

Alvarado-Muñoz

Orozco-Fuentes

et al. 2020

JCO Global Oncology

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PURPOSE Worldwide cervical and breast cancers are among the most commonly diagnosed cancers and are leading cause of cancer deaths among females in low- and middle-income countries. In Guatemala, breast and cervical cancers are the main cause of cancer-related deaths among women. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the years of potential life lost (YPLL) as an indicator of premature deaths as a result of breast and cervical cancers. METHODS Data on the number of deaths as a result of breast and cervical cancers (International Classification of Diseases [10th revision] codes C50 and C53) between 2012 and 2016 and age composition by quinquennials were retrieved from the Health Information System of the Guatemalan Health Ministry. On the basis of each individual’s age at death, YPLL was estimated for females between 20 and 70 years of age. RESULTS A total of 1,476 deaths related to breast and cervical cancers was reported over the study period. The trend in breast cancer mortality rate and YPLL did not change from 2012 to 2016. The cervical cancer mortality rate has decreased to 10 deaths per 1 million habitants ( P = .046). There has been a reduction in YPLL because of cervical cancer, from 50.18 YPLL in 2012 to 29.19 YPLL by 2016, mainly in women between 30 and 34 years of age, in whom YPLL decreased from 600 to 112.50 ( P = .046). CONCLUSION Cervical cancer screening has significantly reduced the mortality rate of this malignancy, and screening of breast cancer must include creating awareness of the disease and providing access to women at risk.

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Barriers in Latin America for the management of locally advanced breast cancer

Cited by 29 publications

References 59 publications

Breast cancer mortality trends in Peruvian women

Breast cancer mortality trends in Peruvian women

The Molecular Mechanism of Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition for Breast Carcinogenesis

Years of Potential Life Lost Because of Breast and Cervical Cancers in Guatemala

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