Barley with improved drought tolerance: Challenges and perspectives

Elakhdar, Ammar; Solanki, Shyam; Kubo, Takahiko; Abed, Amina; El-Akhdar, Ibrahim; Khedr, Rania A.; Hamwieh, Aladdin; Capo-chichi, L. J. A.; Abdelsattar, Mohamed; Franckowiak, J. D.; Qualset, C. O.

doi:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2022.104965

Cited by 17 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Mechanisms and genetic basis underlying drought tolerance have not been widely studied in barley. Drought stress tolerance is complex; therefore, illustrating the molecular mechanism controlling drought tolerance has been the long-term relevance of barley breeders (Elakhdar et al, 2022). The main objective of the Egyptian barley breeding program is to develop new cultivars with high yield potential and tolerance to different biotic and abiotic stresses (salinity, drought, diseases, poor soil fertility and insects) (Elakhdar et al, 2016a;Elakhdar et al, 2016b;Elakhdar et al, 2018;Sallam et al, 2019a;Sallam et al, 2019b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studying drought tolerance in barley might lead to a better understanding of the genetic factors underlying the response mechanisms, enhancing the effective use of genomic resources to increase its drought tolerance (Ceccarelli et al, 2007). In recent decades, breeders have modified the barley plant by decreasing plant height to improve yield potential under wellwatered conditions (Ceccarelli et al, 2007;Elakhdar et al, 2022). In drought-prone and semiarid regions, obtaining genotypes with high yield potential and stability under drought is crucial.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although barley is more tolerant to abiotic stress than many other cereals, cultivars with high yield potential do not show tolerance to water deficit stress; therefore, genetic advances must be made in developing more climateresilient cultivars (Bornare et al, 2012). Different barley varieties may have varying adaptive components to manage drought stress, so transcriptome analyses could be used to support the identification of the genes/mechanisms involved in the different early responses observed in barley genotypes (Elakhdar et al, 2022). It is known that gene expression is regulated primarily at the transcriptional level, leading to adequate production of proteins at lower cellular energy expenditure (Elakhdar et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genome‐wide transcriptomic and functional analyses provide new insights into the response of spring barley to drought stress

Elakhdar,

El‐Naggar,

Kubo

et al. 2023

Physiologia Plantarum

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Drought is a major abiotic stress that impairs the physiology and development of plants, ultimately leading to crop yield losses. Drought tolerance is a complex quantitative trait influenced by multiple genes and metabolic pathways. However, molecular intricacies and subsequent morphological and physiological changes in response to drought stress remain elusive. Herein, we combined morpho‐physiological and comparative RNA‐sequencing analyses to identify core drought‐induced marker genes and regulatory networks in the barley cultivar ‘Giza134’. Based on field trials, drought‐induced declines occurred in crop growth rate, relative water content, leaf area duration, flag leaf area, concentration of chlorophyll (Chl) a, b and a + b, net photosynthesis, and yield components. In contrast, the Chl a/b ratio, stoma resistance, and proline concentration increased significantly. RNA‐sequence analysis identified a total of 2462 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), of which 1555 were up‐regulated and 907 were down‐regulated in response to water‐deficit stress (WD). Comparative transcriptomics analysis highlighted three unique metabolic pathways (carbohydrate metabolism, iron ion binding, and oxidoreductase activity) as containing genes differentially expressed that could mitigate water stress. Our results identified several drought‐induced marker genes belonging to diverse physiochemical functions like chlorophyll concentration, photosynthesis, light harvesting, gibberellin biosynthetic, iron homeostasis as well as Cis‐regulatory elements. These candidate genes can be utilized to identify gene‐associated markers to develop drought‐resilient barley cultivars over a short period of time. Our results provide new insights into the understanding of water stress response mechanisms in barley.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genome‐wide transcriptomic and functional analyses provide new insights into the response of spring barley to drought stress

Elakhdar,

El‐Naggar,

Kubo

et al. 2023

Physiologia Plantarum

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“…and is distributed through the Middle East, mostly falling into different classes according to phenology, morphology, and end-use: two-row vs. six-row, winter types vs. spring types, hulled vs. hull-less, feed barley vs. malting barley (Blake et al, 2011). Barley is adapted to a wide range of environmental conditions: withstands dry-hot climates, extensive salinity and marginal soils, in addition to a broad range of soil pH conditions (Weltzien, 1988;Pasam et al, 2014;Elakhdar et al, 2022), and low temperatures which is mainly based on an adaptive response. The adaptive responses refer to hardening or cold acclimation that activates by growth at low temperatures (Stanca et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity and population structure assessment of Western Canadian barley cooperative trials

et al. 2023

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Studying the population structure and genetic diversity of historical datasets is a proposed use for association analysis. This is particularly important when the dataset contains traits that are time-consuming or costly to measure. A set of 96 elite barley genotypes, developed from eight breeding programs of the Western Canadian Cooperative Trials were used in the current study. Genetic diversity, allelic variation, and linkage disequilibrium (LD) were investigated using 5063 high-quality SNP markers via the Illumina 9K Barley Infinium iSelect SNP assay. The distribution of SNPs markers across the barley genome ranged from 449 markers on chromosome 1H to 1111 markers on chromosome 5H. The average polymorphism information content (PIC) per locus was 0.275 and ranged from 0.094 to 0.375. Bayesian clustering in STRUCTURE and principal coordinate analysis revealed that the populations are differentiated primarily due to the different breeding program origins and ear-row type into five subpopulations. Analysis of molecular variance based on PhiPT values suggested that high values of genetic diversity were observed within populations and accounted for 90% of the total variance. Subpopulation 5 exhibited the most diversity with the highest values of the diversity indices, which represent the breeding program gene pool of AFC, AAFRD, AU, and BARI. With increasing genetic distance, the LD values, expressed as r2, declined to below the critical r2 = 0.18 after 3.91 cM, and the same pattern was observed on each chromosome. Our results identified an important pattern of genetic diversity among the Canadian barley panel that was proposed to be representative of target breeding programs and may have important implications for association mapping in the future. This highlight, that efforts to identify novel variability underlying this diversity may present practical breeding opportunities to develop new barley genotypes.

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“…Another grain crop i.e., barley is needed as a basic food to balance 4 the gap to reduce the load on the bread wheat crop. But low production are partially due to the drought stress and inaccessibility of stress-tolerant high yielding varieties of barley (Elakhdar et al, 2022). In Pakistan, unpredictable and more periodic rainfall exist in pre-spring, and winter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-application of humic acid, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and melatonin (osmo-regulators) ameliorate the effects of drought stress in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Zafar

Zahra

Shah

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Purpose Drought has an adverse impact on the production and growth of cereals globally. Due to drought stress, cereals’ cultivation declined day by day, worldwide. Hence, ultimate yield does not fulfill the required demand. The current research investigated the consequences of drought stress on morpho-physiological, yield and biochemical parameters of barley plants and a comparison of different osmo-regulators and their ameliorating capacity towards drought stress. Methods A pot trial was held in a completely randomized (CR) design with three replicates manner to investigate the role of humic acid, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and melatonin (osmo-regulators) synergistic application in ameliorating drought stress. Three barely varieties (Haider-93, Sultan-17 and Jau-17) were selected for this experiment. The treatments applied were as follows; humic acid (400 ppm), potassium dihydrogen phosphate (20 ppm) and melatonin (0.5 mM) with two water levels i.e., Control (normal watering) and drought stress (stop watering). Results Results indicated that foliar application of all osmo-regulators improved propagation, antioxidants, proteins, chlorophyll, mineral contents and productivity parameters, while alleviate Malondialdehyde content, hydrogen peroxide and relative membrane permeability value studied under drought stress and non-drought stress. The maximum yield was noticed in Jau-17 plants given humic acid in control and drought stress in Jau-17. The order of effectiveness of osmo-regulators in this study was humic acid > melatonin > potassium dihydrogen phosphate. Conclusion Osmo-regulators examined in this study had potential role in combating against drought stress and could also be effective for various other abiotic stresses.

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Barley with improved drought tolerance: Challenges and perspectives

Cited by 17 publications

References 468 publications

Genome‐wide transcriptomic and functional analyses provide new insights into the response of spring barley to drought stress

Genome‐wide transcriptomic and functional analyses provide new insights into the response of spring barley to drought stress

Genetic diversity and population structure assessment of Western Canadian barley cooperative trials

Co-application of humic acid, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and melatonin (osmo-regulators) ameliorate the effects of drought stress in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

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